空间目标远距离磁控方法及应用分析

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.01.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

星间电磁力/力矩作用相对于传统航天器操控方式, 具有不消耗推进剂、无羽流污染、可控能力强等优势。因此，在交会对接、编队集群、失效卫星消旋等方面得到了广泛关注。然而, 电磁力/力矩的数值与场源作用距离的3到4次方成反比, 导致电磁力/力矩的有效作用空间有限。磁化同轴枪强流脉冲放电装置可产生高传输速度(~1 000 km/s)、高电子密度(~10¹⁶ cm^-3)、高能量密度(~1 MJ/m²)、具有球马克位形的等离子体环, 且等离子体环的放电电流可产生强度可观的环向磁场和极向磁场(~1 T)。此外, 等离子体环的生成和输运环境与空间真空环境高度契合。基于磁化同轴枪生成具有球马克位形的等离子体环并将等离子体环所携带磁场远距投送的新型磁控方式, 本文研究可控等离子体环远距投送对空间目标的磁控能力以及对空间目标消旋/回收的应用潜力等, 并通过初步仿真算例予以验证结论的正确性。

关键词: 等离子体环, 磁场冻结, 空间目标磁控, 操控能力, 创新应用

Abstract:

Compared with the traditional spacecraft control methods, inter-satellite electromagnetic force/torque has the advantages of no propellant consumption, no plume pollution, and strong controllability. Therefore, it has received extensive attention in the research of rendezvous and docking, spacecraft formation and cluster, as well as the de-spin of failed satellites. However, the magnitude of electromagnetic force/torque is inversely proportional to the power 3-4 of the distance, as a result, the effective space of electromagnetic force/torque is limited. The plasma ring with the spheromak configuration produced by the magnetized coaxial gun has high transmit speed (about 1 000 km/s), high electron density (about 10¹⁶ cm^-3), high energy density (about 1 MJ/m²), and the frozen strong toroid and polar magnetic fields are generated by the discharge current of plasma ring as well. Inaddition, the generation and delivery environment of the plasma rings conforms with the vacuum environment of space. Based on the new magnetic control method in which the magnetic coaxial gun produced the plasma ring with spheromark configuration, and then delivers the magnetic field carried by the plasma ring to a distance, this paper studies the magnetic controllability and the application potential of the plasma rings in de-spinning/reclaiming of the space target by controlling the coaxial gun to create the desired plasma rings, and verifies the exactness of the conclusion by simulation examples.

Key words: engraving plasma ring, magnetic field freezing, electromagnetic control of space target, control capability, innovative application

中图分类号:

赵宏亮, 张元文, 杨乐平, 黄涣, 马天. 空间目标远距离磁控方法及应用分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 46(1): 261-270.

Hongliang ZHAO, Yuanwen ZHANG, Leping YANG, Huan HUANG, Tian MA. Method and application analysis of remote magnetic controlling for space target[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 46(1): 261-270.

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装置参数	数值
同轴枪电极长度l₀/m	1.2
同轴枪内半径r_in/m	0.625
同轴枪外半径r_out/m	0.448
外电路电压U₀/kV	20
外电路电容C₀/μF	350
外电路电感L_out/nH	0.4
同轴枪装置固有电阻R₀/μΩ	66
等离子体电阻R_CT/mΩ	0.1
同轴枪电极电导率η′/(Ω/m)	3×10^-7

等离子体环状态参数	数值
放电电流I_p/A	2×10⁵
大半径R/m	0.5
小半径r/m	0.05
质量M_CT/mg	5
寿命η′/μs	1 000

等离子体环投送参数		数值
投送位置	x₀/m	0
	y₀/m	1.2
	z₀/m	0
出口速度	v_x, v_z/(m/s)	0
出口速度	v_y/(m/s)	1.30×10⁵

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