基于物理规划的多星多站访问规划

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.08.26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着在轨卫星数量增加，对大量卫星进行有效监管具有迫切需求，需要研究如何合理分配和调度有限的地面资源对卫星进行访问。提出了一种基于物理规划的多星多站访问指派规划方法, 以地面设施对卫星的访问窗口指派为设计变量，以相同地面设施相邻访问窗口的最小时间间隔及单个地面设施的最大访问次数为约束条件，以任务耗时、考虑成功率的访问收益、访问成本为目标函数，建立了考虑成本和收益的多星多站非均衡访问规划模型；采用物理规划将多目标函数合理地映射为单目标函数，使用差分进化算法进行寻优。将所提方法应用于3站4星的小规模问题及20站96星的大规模问题的求解。结果表明, 所提方法能够获得符合约束的权衡多目标偏好的解。相较于加权法和约束法等，求解更加稳定高效，各指标均能得到均衡的优化。

关键词: 多星多站访问, 任务指派, 多目标优化, 物理规划, 差分进化

Abstract:

With the increase of on-orbit satellites, there is an urgent need for effective supervision of many satellites. It is necessary to study how to reasonably allocate and schedule limited ground resources to satellite access. An assignment and planning method for multi-station accessing multi-satellite is proposed based on physical planning. The accessing window assignments of the ground facilities to the satellites are used as the design variables, the adjacent window's minimum interval of the same ground facility and the maximum accessing number of a ground facility are considered as the constraints, and the end time of the task, the access benefit based on success rate and the access cost are designed as the objective functions, and then an accessing and planning model of multi-station incompletely accessing multi-satellite with the consideration of the cost and the benefit is established. A single objective function is reasonably mapped from the multiple objective functions by physical programming, and the differential evolution algorithm is used for optimization. The proposed method is applied to solving a small-scale problem with three stations and four satellites and a large-scale problem with 20 stations and 96 satellites. The case's results show that the proposed method can obtain the solution of trade-off of multi-objective preference in line with the constraints. Compared with the weighting method and the constraint method, the solution is more stable and efficient, and each index can be optimized.

Key words: multi-station accessing multi-satellite, mission assignment, multi-objective optimization, physical programming, differential evolution

中图分类号:

N945
F407.5

王力尧, 张进, 周洪喜, 王柯茂. 基于物理规划的多星多站访问规划[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(8): 2514-2520.

Liyao WANG, Jin ZHANG, Hongxi ZHOU, Kemao WANG. Planning of multi-station accessing multi-satellite based on physical planning[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(8): 2514-2520.

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编号	纬度/(°)	经度/(°)	高度/km
1	50.0	20.0	0.0
2	50.0	30.0	0.0
3	50.0	40.0	0.0

序号	半长轴/km	偏心率	倾角/(°)	升交点赤经/(°)	近地点幅角/(°)	真近点角/(°)	优先度μ_j
1	6 878.14	2.00e-16	50.00	30.00	0.00	240.00	2
2	6 878.14	2.00e-16	49.97	164.82	0.00	45.29	1
3	6 878.14	2.00e-16	49.97	164.82	0.00	165.29	1
4	6 878.14	2.00e-16	49.97	164.82	0.00	285.29	3

编号	指标	物理规划类型	c₁	c₂	c₃	c₄	c₅
1	结束时间σ1/s	Class-1s	3 600	7 200	10 800	14 400	18 000
2	访问收益σ₂	Class-2s	2	2.5	3	5	7
3	访问成本σ₃	Class-1s	6	8	9	10	12

编号	地面设施	卫星	开始时间/s	结束时间/s
1	3	4	2 428.66	2 480.31
2	2	3	4 316.19	4 338.12
3	3	3	4 369.03	4 419.47
4	3	3	4 418.93	4 448.29
5	2	2	6 245.36	6 325.10
6	3	2	6 351.13	6 382.46
7	3	2	6 381.56	6 431.37
8	1	4	8 122.92	8 155.34
9	1	4	8 152.23	8 202.67
10	2	4	8 228.17	8 278.18
11	2	4	8 277.24	8 309.23
12	3	4	8 334.53	8 415.11
13	1	3	10 076.79	10 138.55
14	1	3	10 136.22	10 156.25
15	2	3	10 182.86	10 209.68
16	2	3	10 208.33	10 262.24
17	3	3	10 293.23	10 360.55
18	1	2	12 065.51	12 145.79
19	2	2	12 173.93	12 247.25
20	1	4	14 056.29	14 133.93
21	2	4	14 188.23	14 206.47
22	1	3	16 010.73	16 055.76

编号	卫星	阵地	开始时间/s	结束时间/s
1	2	2	6 245.36	6 325.10
2	2	3	6 351.13	6 382.46
3	3	2	4 316.19	4 338.12
4	3	3	4 418.93	4 448.29
5	4	1	8 152.23	8 202.67
6	4	2	8 228.17	8 278.18
7	4	3	2 428.66	2 480.31