武器装备体系弹性技术研究综述

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.07.17

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2069-2077.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.07.17

武器装备体系弹性技术研究综述

陈志伟¹^,², 焦健³^,*, 赵廷弟³, 褚嘉运⁴

1. 西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院, 陕西西安 710129
2. 西安现代控制技术研究所, 陕西西安 710065
3. 北京航空航天大学可靠性与系统工程学院, 北京 100191
4. 中国运载火箭技术研究院, 北京 100076

收稿日期:2022-01-11 出版日期:2023-06-30 发布日期:2023-07-11
通讯作者: 焦健
作者简介:陈志伟 (1991—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为无人系统可靠性与安全性、装备体系弹性、无人集群任务规划
焦健 (1974—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为复杂系统可靠性与安全性、体系弹性
赵廷弟 (1965—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为复杂系统可靠性与安全性、体系弹性
褚嘉运 (1995—), 男, 工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为复杂系统可靠性与安全性、体系弹性
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(72101270)

Review on resilience technology of weapon system-of-systems

Zhiwei CHEN¹^,², Jian JIAO³^,*, Tingdi ZHAO³, Jiayun CHU⁴

1. Unmanned System Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
2. Xi'an Institute of Control Technology, Xi'an 710065, China
3. School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
4. China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China

Received:2022-01-11 Online:2023-06-30 Published:2023-07-11
Contact: Jian JIAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

武器装备体系是国防领域发展的战略需要, 弹性是体系对缺陷、破坏做出响应和恢复的能力。本文给出了装备体系弹性发展现状、应用前景及有关建议。首先, 对武器装备及其弹性的概念与发展现状进行辨析。其次, 对不同领域弹性建模与分析评价方法进行评述。然后, 分析给出装备体系弹性内涵及多层级分析框架。最后, 对现有研究不足进行总结, 并从技术发展及工程应用角度给出装备体系弹性未来发展趋势与建议。致力于推动装备体系弹性相关技术发展, 提出相应发展建议, 提升装备体系效能与实战化水平。

关键词: 武器装备, 体系, 弹性, 建模与评价

Abstract:

Weapon system-of-systems (WSoS) is a strategic requirement for developing the defense. Resilience is the ability of a system-of-systems (SoS) to react to and recover from interferences. This paper gives development status, application prospects, and some suggestions for WSoS resilience. Firstly, the concepts and development status of WSoS and resilience are reviewed. Secondly, resilience modeling and evaluation methods in different fields are discussed by analyzing the research status. Thirdly, the connotations and a multi-level analysis framework of WSoS resilience are presented. Finally, based on the development of WSoS resilience, the disadvantages of the current research are summarized, and the future development trend and research suggestions are analyzed from the theoretical and application perspectives. All insights in this review will hopefully drive the development of WSoS resilience, which can improve WSoS effectiveness and combat capability.

Key words: weapon, system-of-systems (SoS), resilience, modeling and evaluation

中图分类号:

N945

陈志伟, 焦健, 赵廷弟, 褚嘉运. 武器装备体系弹性技术研究综述[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(7): 2069-2077.

Zhiwei CHEN, Jian JIAO, Tingdi ZHAO, Jiayun CHU. Review on resilience technology of weapon system-of-systems[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(7): 2069-2077.

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出处	定义
总装备部机关	装备体系是根据军事需求、经济和技术能力, 由一定数量和质量相互关联、功能互补的多种装备, 按照装备的优化配置和提高整体作战能力的要求, 综合集成的装备类别、结构和规模的有机整体。装备体系由战斗装备、保障装备组成。装备体系随着军事需求的变化和科学技术的发展而演变
文献[4]	装备体系是在战略战术指导、作战指挥和保障条件下, 为实现特定任务使命, 由功能上相互耦合和作用的各类装备所组成的高层次系统
文献[5]	装备体系包含一组或一系列系统, 系统独立时也可以发挥其功能, 也可以聚集成为一个更大的可以实现特有能力的大系统
文献[6]	装备体系作为一类典型的体系, 现已成为军事领域体系研究的重要对象。装备体系需求是指在规定的条件下, 为完成预设的使命任务, 达到预期效果, 对装备的性能、组成、作战、能力等各方面的要求

领域	出处	定义
生态系统	Holling	弹性是生态系统的一个属性, 该属性使生态系统能够在吸收扰动和变化后依然存在, 并保持种群状态平衡的能力, 这也是弹性概念最早被引入到科学研究领域中
社会学	文献[16]	群体或社区应对社会、政治和环境等变化所引起的外部压力和干扰的能力
社会学	文献[17]	社会系统在面对内外部干扰和变化时保持其功能结构并在必要时平滑地降低其性能的能力
经济学	文献[18]	为应对灾害所具有的本能的、适应性的反应, 使得个人和群体能够避免一些潜在的损失
经济学	文献[19]	经济弹性是系统在面对市场冲击仍然可以有效地进行资源配置的能力
工程	文献[20]	系统或组织在早期阶段对干扰作出反应和从干扰中恢复的能力

属性	1	2	3	4	5	6
可靠性	√	-	-	-	-	-
维修性	-	-	-	-	√	-
测试性	-	-	√	√	-	-
保障性	-	-	√	-	√	√
可用性	√	-	√	-	√	-
脆性	-	√	-	√	-	-
抗毁性	-	-	√	√	√	√
生存性	-	√	-	√	-	-
鲁棒性	-	-	√	√	-	-
弹性	√	√	√	√	√	√

方法	适用性	不足
随机过程	可用于信息较少的早期设计与需求获取阶段; 可用于简单可重构和可维修系统的建模	状态爆炸, 对大规模装备体系求解困难
Petri网	可有效描述装备体系结构框架与功能, 及其并发、交互等动态行为, 对装备体系的建模与仿真有较强的适用性和可扩展性	Petri网模型描述有的偏重于某一具体环节, 有的缺乏层次上的描述, 有的缺少对故障及恢复过程的表达, 难以刻画大规模作战体系的复杂性
复杂网络	从网络科学角度提出装备体系拓扑结构的建模方法, 具有宏观指标、微观指标的度量。可有效表达装备体系结构的涌现性	仅关注体系结构特性, 没有对各类组成系统的特性和性能变化进行考量

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武器装备体系弹性技术研究综述

Review on resilience technology of weapon system-of-systems

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