高交叉极化隔离度的液晶极化相控阵天线设计与实现

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.07.03

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1928-1937.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.07.03

高交叉极化隔离度的液晶极化相控阵天线设计与实现

修威¹^,²^,*, 庞晨¹, 田海燕², 吴迪², 李永祯¹, 王雪松¹

1. 国防科技大学电子科学学院, 湖南长沙 410073
2. 北京华镁钛科技有限公司, 北京 100094

收稿日期:2022-06-07 出版日期:2023-06-30 发布日期:2023-07-11
通讯作者: 修威
作者简介:修威(1972—), 男, 工程师, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为阵列天线技术、空间信号获取和极化信息处理
庞晨(1986—), 男, 副研究员, 博士, 主要研究方向为极化相控阵雷达系统、极化精密测量
田海燕 (1987—), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 研究方向为阵列天线技术、毫米波雷达目标识别
吴迪 (1981—), 男, 工程师, 本科, 主要研究方向为阵列天线技术
李永祯 (1977—), 男, 研究员, 博士研究生导师, 博士, 主要研究方向为极化雷达信号处理、雷达电子对抗
王雪松 (1972—), 男, 教授, 博士研究生导师, 博士, 主要研究方向为极化雷达信号处理、雷达目标识别、雷达电子对抗、新体制雷达技术
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(61971429);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(61921001)

Design and implementation of an polarization phased array antenna with high cross-polarization isolation based on liquid crystal

Wei XIU¹^,²^,*, Chen PANG¹, Haiyan TIAN², Di WU², Yongzhen LI¹, Xuesong WANG¹

1. College of Electronics Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
2. Beijing Huameta Technology Company Limited, Beijing 100094, China

Received:2022-06-07 Online:2023-06-30 Published:2023-07-11
Contact: Wei XIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对小型化、低成本极化相控阵雷达应用背景, 提出了一种基于液晶材料的高交叉正交极化隔离度的极化相控阵天线。与传统极化相控阵天线相比, 该设计不需要成倍增加的收发组件和复杂的移相馈电网络。基于液晶传输线移相器特点, 结合缝隙耦合辐射原理, 提出一种基于斜交耦合缝隙的交叉极化抑制结构, 在提升天线单元主极化辐射性能的同时, 抑制交叉极化辐射幅度。天线阵列采用由中心向两侧180°反向馈电形式, 进一步提升交叉极化抑制比, 同时可以实现极化和波束的联合重构。样机实测表明, 天线扫描角度可达±40°, 增益最大可达16.8 dB, 效率高于66%, 法向交叉极化隔离度可以达到33.3 dB, 法向波束旁瓣最大抑制可以达到36.3 dB; 展示了液晶极化相控阵天线的实用性, 并且具有低成本、低功耗以及结构简单的特点。

关键词: 极化相控阵, 液晶材料, 正交极化, 移相器, 交叉极化隔离度

Abstract:

Aiming at the application background of miniaturized and low-cost polarization phased array radar application, an orthogonal polarization phased array antenna with high cross-polarization isolation based on liquid crystal is proposed. Compared with the traditional polarized phased array antenna, this design does not need to multiply the transmitter and receiver components and complex phase-shifting feed network. Based on the characteristics of liquid crystal transmission line phase shifter and the principle of slot coupling radiation, a cross-polarization suppression structure based on a inclined cross coupling gap is proposed, which not only improves the radiation performance of main polarization, but also suppresses the radiation amplitude of cross-polarization. A 180° reversed feed from the center of antenna array to both sides is adopted to improve the cross-polarization suppression ratio, and at the same time, the joint reconfiguration of polarization and pattern can be realized. The actual measurement of the prototype shows that the scanning angle of the antenna can reach ±40°, the maximum gain can reach 16.8 dB, the efficiency is higher than 66%, the isolation of cross-polarization of boresight beam can reach 33.3 dB, and the maximum suppression of boresight beam sidelobe can reach 36.3 dB. It is shown that the liquid crystal polarized phased array antenna is practical, and has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption and simple structure.

Key words: polarized phased array antenna, liquid crystal material, orthogonal polarization, phase shifter, cross-polarization isolation

中图分类号:

TN821.8

修威, 庞晨, 田海燕, 吴迪, 李永祯, 王雪松. 高交叉极化隔离度的液晶极化相控阵天线设计与实现[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(7): 1928-1937.

Wei XIU, Chen PANG, Haiyan TIAN, Di WU, Yongzhen LI, Xuesong WANG. Design and implementation of an polarization phased array antenna with high cross-polarization isolation based on liquid crystal[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(7): 1928-1937.

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参数	预设扫描角度/(°)
参数	-40		-20		0		+20		+40
极化方向/(°)	45	-45	45	-45	45	-45	45	-45	45	-45
波束指向误差/(°)	4	0	0	0	0	0	-2	0	-4	0
增益/dB	13.5	13.5	16.1	15.6	16.8	16.5	16.2	15.7	13.7	13.3
旁瓣电平/dB	-25.9	-26.5	-30	-29.7	-36.3	-33.7	-30.2	-30.7	-26	-25.9
半功率波束宽度/(°)	26	26	22	22	20	20	22	22	26	26
交叉极化隔离度	20.8	20.9	31.4	31.7	33.3	33.1	30.4	30.2	20.1	20.7

高交叉极化隔离度的液晶极化相控阵天线设计与实现

Design and implementation of an polarization phased array antenna with high cross-polarization isolation based on liquid crystal

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