基于杀伤链的作战体系网络关键节点识别方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.03.14

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 736-744.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.03.14

基于杀伤链的作战体系网络关键节点识别方法

王耀祖¹, 尚柏林¹^,²^,*, 宋笔锋¹^,², 李鹏飞¹, 科尔沁¹

1. 西北工业大学航空学院, 陕西西安 710072
2. 飞行器体系贡献度与综合设计工业和信息化部重点实验室, 陕西西安 710072

收稿日期:2022-03-29 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-09
通讯作者: 尚柏林
作者简介:王耀祖(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为作战体系建模、体系仿真评估
尚柏林(1973—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为飞行器总体设计、装备发展需求论证、高可靠性高生存力系统设计
宋笔锋(1963—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为飞行器总体设计、多学科设计优化与顶层决策技术、高生存力技术、可靠性与维修性
李鹏飞(1998—), 男, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为作战体系建模、体系仿真评估
科尔沁(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为作战体系建模、体系仿真评估
基金资助:
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2020JM-113);装备预先研究基金(61400040503)

Identification method of key node in operational system-of-systems network based on kill chain

Yaozu WANG¹, Bolin SHANG¹^,²^,*, Bifeng SONG¹^,², Pengfei LI¹, Erqin KE¹

1. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
2. Key Laboratory of Aircraft System of Systems Contribution and Synthetic Design, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi'an 710072, China

Received:2022-03-29 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-09
Contact: Bolin SHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对作战体系(operational system-of-system, SOS)因装备功能各异、交互关系复杂、高对抗性导致的关键装备难以识别的问题, 引入杀伤链的分析思想对其进行求解。首先, 提出了作战体系网络模型构建方法, 给出了杀伤链的定义与基本类型。其次, 提出了基于蒙特卡罗抽样的网络状态转化方法, 实现了网络边权值与边存在性的转化; 根据子图同构匹配理论, 给出了基于改进Ullmann算法的杀伤链搜索方法; 以对杀伤链形成的综合影响为切入点, 构建了节点重要度指标R。最后, 利用所提方法对某空中拦截任务体系网络的关键节点进行识别, 并与现有方法的结果进行对比, 验证了所提方法的合理性和有效性。

关键词: 作战体系, 网络, 关键节点, 杀伤链, 子图同构匹配

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that the key equipment is difficult to identify for operational system-of-systems (SoS) due to different equipment functions, complex interaction relationship and high confrontation, the analysis idea of kill chain is introduced to solve the above problem. Firstly, the method of constructing network model of operational SoS is proposed, and the definition and basic types of kill chains are introduced. Secondly, a network state transformation method based on Monte Carlo sampling is proposed to realize the transformation of the edge weight and edge existence. According to subgraph isomorphism matching theory, a kill chain search method is presented based on the improved Ullmann algorithm. Taking the comprehensive impact on the formation of kill chains as the entry point, the node importance index R is constructed. Finally, the proposed method is used to identify the key node of an air interception mission SoS network, and the results of the existing methods are compared. The comparision results verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: operational system-of-systems (SoS), network, key node, kill chain, subgraph isomorphism matching

中图分类号:

E917

王耀祖, 尚柏林, 宋笔锋, 李鹏飞, 科尔沁. 基于杀伤链的作战体系网络关键节点识别方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(3): 736-744.

Yaozu WANG, Bolin SHANG, Bifeng SONG, Pengfei LI, Erqin KE. Identification method of key node in operational system-of-systems network based on kill chain[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45(3): 736-744.

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类型	含义
S→T	侦察节点对目标节点的侦察监视等作战活动
S→D	侦察节点向决策节点的信息传输活动
D→I	决策节点向影响节点传输决策指令的活动
I→T	影响节点对目标节点的火力打击等活动
S→S	侦察节点之间的信息共享活动
D→D	决策节点之间的协同指挥、协同决策活动
D→S	决策节点向侦察节点反馈决策信息的活动

类型编号	杀伤链	说明
1	T→S→D→I→T	标准形式的杀伤链
2	T→S→S→D→I→T	具有信息共享功能的杀伤链
3	T→S→D→D→I→T	具有协同决策功能的杀伤链
4	T→S→S→D→D→I→T	具有信息共享和协同决策功能的杀伤链
5	T→S→D→S→D→I→T	具有信息反馈功能的杀伤链
6	T→S→S→D→S→D→I→T	具有信息共享和信息反馈功能的杀伤链
7	T→S→D→D→S→D→I→T	具有协同决策和信息反馈功能的杀伤链

边	权值	边	权值
T₃→S₁	0.3	S₄→D₄	0.9
T₃→S₃	0.9	D₄→I₅	0.5
T₃→S₆	0.8	I₂→T₃	0.7
T₄→S₄	0.9	I₄→T₄	0.8
T₄→S₅	0.7	I₁→T₃	0.8
S₃→D₃	0.9	-	-

编号	杀伤链类型	装备构成
1	1	T₃→S₃→D₂→I₁→T₃
2	1	T₃→S₃→D₂→I₂→T₃
3	1	T₃→S₃→D₃→I₂→T₃
4	1	T₃→S₃→D₃→I₃→T₃
5	1	T₃→S₆→D₅→I₇→T₃
6	1	T₃→S₆→D₆→I₇→T₃
7	3	T₃→S₃→D₂→D₁→I₁→T₃
8	3	T₃→S₃→D₂→D₅→I₇→T₃
9	5	T₃→S₆→D₆→S₇→D₁→I₁→T₃
10	5	T₃→S₆→D₆→S₇→D₅→I₇→T₃

节点	次数	节点	次数	节点	次数
S₃	6	D₂	4	I₁	3
S₆	4	D₃	2	I₂	2
S₇	2	D₅	3	I₃	1
D₁	2	D₆	3	I₇	4

基于杀伤链的作战体系网络关键节点识别方法

Identification method of key node in operational system-of-systems network based on kill chain

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图/表 14

参考文献 31

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节点	R值	节点	R值	节点	R值
S₁	1.278	D₁	1.110	I₂	0.710
S₂	0.747	D₂	2.632	I₃	0.185
S₃	1.320	D₃	0.405	I₄	0.171
S₄	0.315	D₄	0.234	I₅	0.516
S₅	0.569	D₅	1.450	I₆	0.456
S₆	0.695	D₆	0.490	I₇	1.108
S₇	0.447	I₁	1.286	-	-

方法	依次移除的节点
本文方法	D₂, S₆, S₃, S₄, D₆, D₁
度	D₂, D₆, S₁, S₅, D₁, D₄, I₂, S₂, D₆, I₁, I₆, S₃
节点强度	D₂, D₆, D₁, D₄, S₁, S₅, D₃, D₆
介数	D₂, D₆, D₁, D₃, I₇, D₄
环介数	D₂, D₆, D₁, S₃, S₄, S₆

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