信息支援下的作战体系多层网络建模

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.02.21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在传统作战环的研究中, 通常考虑目标、传感、打击和指控4类节点的关系, 缺少通信网络对作战体系影响的分析。为此, 本文研究了在通信网络信息支援下, 作战体系分层模型的构建, 并利用超网络理论对各层分别建模, 并对信息流、物质流和能量流进行形式化描述。最终形成物理域、信息域和认知域的3层网络模型。同时基于武器装备体系功能和属性的多样性, 将其映射到作战网络, 选取7种网络模式和典型杀伤链作为研究对象, 并根据各打击节点构成边的特性, 给出相应的战技性能指标。对于进一步分析作战网络中的信息协同和共享具有重要意义。

关键词: 作战体系, 信息支援, 超网络, 多层模型

Abstract:

In the study of traditional combat loops, the relationship between the four types of nodes, target, sensor, attack, and command, is usually considered, and there is a lack of analysis of the impact of communication networks on the combat system. Accordingly, this paper researches the construction of a hierarchical model of the combat system with the support of communication network information, and uses the super-network theory to model each layer separately, and formally describe the information flow, material flow and energy flow. Finally, a three-layer network model of physical domain, information domain and cognitive domain is formed. At the same time, based on the diversity of the functions and attributes of the weapon equipment system, it is mapped to the combat network. Seven network modes and typical kill chains are selected as the research objects. According to the characteristics of the edges of each attack node, the corresponding combat technical performance indicators are given. It is of great significance for further analysis of information coordination and sharing in combat networks.

Key words: combat system-of-systems, information support, super-network, multi-layer model

中图分类号:

TP391.9

鲁统亮, 陈文豪, 葛冰峰, 邓祁零. 信息支援下的作战体系多层网络建模[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(2): 520-528.

Tongliang LU, Wenhao CHEN, Bingfeng GE, Qiling DENG. Multi-layer network modeling for combat system-of-systems under information support[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44(2): 520-528.

图/表 14

图1

表1

图2

图3

表2

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 31

1	KOO H , MOON I . Wartime logistics model for multi-support unit location-allocation problem with frontline changes[J]. International Transactions in Operational Research, 2020, 27 (6): 3031- 3055. doi: 10.1111/itor.12616
2	YIN H K , GUO D , WANG K , et al. Hyperconnected network: a decentralized trusted computing and networking paradigm[J]. IEEE Network, 2018, 32 (1): 112- 117. doi: 10.1109/MNET.2018.1700172
3	罗承昆, 陈云翔, 王莉莉, 等. 基于作战环和改进信息熵的体系效能评估方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2019, 41 (1): 73- 80.
	LUO C K , CHEN Y X , WANG L L , et al. Effectiveness evaluation method of system-of-systems based on operation loop and improved information entropy[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41 (1): 73- 80.
4	WALKER G H , STANTON N A , STEWART R , et al. Using an integrated methods approach to analysis the emergent properties of military command and control[J]. Applied Ergonomics, 2009, 40 (4): 636- 647. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2008.05.003
5	SIEGEL N G. Communication system with mobile coverage area[P]. U.S. Patent 6, 904, 2802005-6-7.
6	HE X , WANG Z , ZHOU D H . Robust fault detection for networked systems with communication delay and data missing[J]. Automatic, 2009, 45 (11): 2634- 2639. doi: 10.1016/j.automatica.2009.07.020
7	JOHANSSON B , PERSSON M , GRANLUND R , et al. C3 Fire in command and control research[J]. Cognition, Technology & Work, 2003, 5 (3): 191- 196.
8	谭跃进, 张小可, 杨克巍. 武器装备体系网络化描述与建模方法[J]. 系统管理学报, 2012, 21 (6): 781- 786. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2542.2012.06.009
	TAN Y J , ZHANG X K , YANG K W . Research on networked description and modeling methods of armament system-of-systems[J]. Journal of Systems & Management, 2012, 21 (6): 781- 786. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-2542.2012.06.009
9	BREHMER B. The dynamic OODA loop: amalgamating Boyd's OODA loop and the cybernetic approach to command and control[C]//Proc. of the 10th International Command and Control Research Technology Symposium, 2005: 365-368.
10	殷小静, 胡晓峰, 荣明, 等. 体系贡献率评估方法研究综述与展望[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2019, 31 (6): 1027- 1038.
	YIN X J , HU X F , RONG M , et al. Review of evaluation methods of contribution rate to system-of-systems[J]. Journal of Systems Simulation, 2019, 31 (6): 1027- 1038.
11	李国栋, 王鹏. 基于作战环的作战体系节点重要性评价方法[J]. 火力与指挥控制, 2019, 44 (8): 7- 11.
	LI G D , WANG P . Node importance evaluation for operation system-of-systems based on operation loop[J]. Fire Control & Command Control, 2019, 44 (8): 7- 11.
12	LI J , TAN Y J , YANG K W , et al. Structural robustness of combat networks of weapon system-of-systems based on the ope-ration loop[J]. International Journal of Systems Science, 2017, 48 (3): 659- 674. doi: 10.1080/00207721.2016.1212429
13	ALBERTS D S, GARSTKA J J, STEIN F P. Network centric warfare: developing and leveraging information superiority[R]. Washington DC: Assistant Secretary of Defense (C3I/Command Control Research Program), 2000.
14	BOUHENTALA M , GHANAI M , CHAFAA K . Interval-va-lued membership function estimation for fuzzy modeling[J]. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 2019, 361, 101- 113. doi: 10.1016/j.fss.2018.06.008
15	CHEN L P , KOU Y , LI Z S , et al. Empirical research on complex networks modeling of combat SoS based on data from real war-game, Part Ⅰ: statistical characteristics[J]. Physica A, 2018, 490, 754- 773. doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2017.08.102
16	CHEN Y N , LI Y , WANG G F , et al. A multi-strategy region proposal network[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2018, 113, 911- 917.
17	KONG T Z, YAO A P, CHEN Y, et al. Hypernet: towards accurate region proposal generation and joint object detection[C]//Proc. of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2016: 845-853.
18	DANIEL K, DUSZA B, LEWANDOWSKI A, et al. Air shield: a system-of-systems MUAV remote sensing architecture for disaster response[C]//Proc. of the 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference, 2009: 196-200.
19	STROGATZ S H . Exploring complex networks[J]. Nature, 2001, 410 (6825): 268- 276. doi: 10.1038/35065725
20	GOLDSTEIN M L , MORRIS S A , YEN G G . Problems with fitting to the power-law distribution[J]. The European Physical Journal B-Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, 2004, 41 (2): 255- 258. doi: 10.1140/epjb/e2004-00316-5
21	MAJUMDAR S N , NADAL C , SCARDICCHIO A , et al. Index distribution of Gaussian random matrices[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2009, 103 (22): 220603. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.220603
22	SIEW C S , WULFF D U , BECKAGE N M , et al. Cognitive network science: a review of research on cognition through the lens of network representations, processes, and dynamics[J]. Complexity, 2019, 22 (3): 1704- 1712.
23	JOSLYN C A, AKSOY S, CALLAHAN T J, et al. Hypernetwork science: from multidimensional networks to computational topology[EB/OL]. [2021-06-12]. https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11782.
24	ZHANG Y , GUANGYA S , WANG Y . Modelling and simulation of cognitive electronic attack under the condition of system of systems combat[J]. Defence Science Journal, 2020, 70 (2): 183- 191. doi: 10.14429/dsj.70.14232
25	SHU Z Y , JIA Q F , LI X Q , et al. An OODA loop-based function network modeling and simulation evaluation method for combat system-of-systems[M]. Singapore: Springer, 2016.
26	RAHMAN A , SRIKUMAR V , SMITH A D . Predicting electricity consumption for commercial and residential buildings using deep recurrent neural networks[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 212, 372- 385. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.12.051
27	HASSOUN M H . Fundamentals of artificial neural networks[M]. Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1995.
28	FALKNER N H , NEUMARK S D , STORY M , et al. Social, educational, and psychological correlates of weight status in adolescents[J]. Obesity Research, 2001, 9 (1): 32- 42. doi: 10.1038/oby.2001.5
29	STOREY M V , VAN D G B , BURNS B P . Advances in on-line drinking water quality monitoring and early warning systems[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45 (2): 741- 747. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.049
30	GUO J T , GUO B W , HUANG Z , et al. Availability model and its analysis for combat unit during the mission[J]. Journal of Systems & Management, 2007, 2, 1368- 1372.
31	HOEDJES J C B , KOOIMAN A , MAATHUIS B H P , et al. A conceptual flash flood early warning system for Africa, based on terrestrial microwave links and flash flood guidance[J]. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-information, 2014, 3 (2): 584- 598. doi: 10.3390/ijgi3020584

名称	分类	属性特征描述
目标节点	T类节点	为了完成使命任务而需要实施攻击以致歼灭或至少严重损坏的对军作战
传感节点	S类节点	具有预警、侦察、监视和传感等功能的我方设备
指挥控制节点	D类节点	我方负责战争指挥的指挥平台、指挥所或指控中心
通信节点	C类节点	负责我方战场信息传输的通信模块、设备或平台
打击节点	A类节点	对对方目标造成毁伤或严重干扰的武器平台或系统

节点类型	S	D	C	A	T
S	S→S	S→D	S→C	S→A	S→T
D	D→S	D→D	D→C	D→A	D→T
C	C→S	C→D	C→C	C→A	C→T
A	A→S	A→D	A→C	A→A	A→T
T	T→S	T→D	T→C	T→A	T→T

杀伤链	含义
T→S→C→D→C→A→T	典型杀伤链
T→S→S→C→D→C→A→T	具有信息共享的杀伤链
T→S→C→D→D→C→A→T	具有协同决策的杀伤链
T→S→S→C→D→D→C→A→T	同时具有信息共享和协同决策的杀伤链
T→S→C→D→C→S→C→D→C→A→T	具有信息反馈的杀伤链
T→S→S→C→D→S→C→D→C→A→T	具有信息共享和反馈的杀伤链
T→S→C→D→D→C→S→D→C→A→T	具有协同决策和信息反馈的杀伤链

[1]	龚建兴, 朱雷, 王华兵, 丁佩元, 路程昭. 基于功能图的作战体系关键节点分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(8): 2515-2521.
[2]	浣顺启, 方哲梅, 王剑波. 基于功能依赖网的体系效能评估方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(7): 2191-2200.
[3]	马骏, 杨镜宇, 吴曦. 基于预聚类主动半监督的作战体系效能评估[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(6): 1889-1896.
[4]	黄美根, 王维平, 王涛, 李小波, 何华, 杨松. 基于EC2的无人化作战体系云流化指控架构设计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(11): 3413-3422.
[5]	马骏, 杨镜宇, 邹立岩. 基于Stacking集成元模型的作战体系能力图谱生成方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(1): 154-163.
[6]	曾广迅, 龚光红, 李妮. 基于语义匹配的作战体系仿真想定生成方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(8): 2154-2162.
[7]	周琛, 宋笔锋, 尚柏林, 王耀祖, 科尔沁. 基于作战网络可靠度的体系贡献率评估[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(7): 1875-1883.
[8]	魏东涛, 刘晓东, 李鹏, 陈玉金. 基于节点重要度与改进信息熵的装备体系效能评估方法研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(12): 3614-3623.
[9]	周鑫, 王维平, 朱一凡, 王涛, 井田. 基于顺次分配机制的无人装备体系架构方案空间搜索方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(11): 3211-3219.
[10]	刘昊, 邢岩, 吴世杰. 基于体系破击的联合火力打击目标价值评估[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2020, 42(12): 2802-2810.
[11]	罗承昆, 陈云翔, 王莉莉, 王泽洲, 常政. 基于作战环和改进信息熵的体系效能评估方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2019, 41(1): 73-80.
[12]	陈士涛, 李大喜, 赵保军. 基于ONM的无人机信息支援远程体系作战能力评估[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2018, 40(6): 1274-1280.
[13]	徐建国, 李孟军, 姜江, 李明浩. 预警作战体系超网络建模及结构分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2018, 40(5): 1043-1049.
[14]	王宏宇, 吴纬, 魏艳艳. 基于超网络模型武器装备体系抗毁性分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2017, 39(8): 1782-1787.
[15]	杨迎辉, 李建华, 沈迪, 王刚. 体系作战信息流转超网络结构优化[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2016, 38(7): 1563-1571.