用于方向回溯天线的Costas环相位共轭电路设计

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.11.05

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 3072-3077.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.11.05

用于方向回溯天线的Costas环相位共轭电路设计

陈茹萌¹, 张云华^1,*, 陈鹏烽¹, 陈海涛², 朱国强¹

1. 武汉大学电子信息学院, 湖北武汉 430072
2. 中国船舶重工集团公司第722研究所, 湖北武汉 430205

收稿日期:2020-09-13 出版日期:2021-11-01 发布日期:2021-11-12
通讯作者: 张云华
作者简介:陈茹萌 (1997—), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为天线理论、动中通通信系统|张云华 (1981—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为天线技术、超材料、微波电路等|陈鹏烽 (1993—), 男, 硕士, 主要研究方向为动中通通信系统|陈海涛 (1979—), 男, 工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为天线设计|朱国强 (1959—), 男, 教授, 博士, 主要研究方向为目标电磁散射、天线理论与技术
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61301061)

Design of Costas loop phase conjugate circuit for retrodirective antenna

Rumeng CHEN¹, Yunhua ZHANG^1,*, Pengfeng CHEN¹, Haitao CHEN², Guoqiang ZHU¹

1. College of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
2. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation No.722 Research Institute, Wuhan 430205, China

Received:2020-09-13 Online:2021-11-01 Published:2021-11-12
Contact: Yunhua ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现天线波束的实时自动对准即方向回溯, 提出了一种基于Costas环的相位共轭电路, 同时该相位共轭电路具有解调调制信号的能力, 即实现全双工通信的能力。首先, 利用改进的Costas环结构实现对调制信号的数据解调输出及载波恢复。然后, 采用外差混频结构对已恢复的载波进行相位共轭, 并以此作为发射载波进行信号调制输出, 从而实现阵列天线波束向来波方向自动实时对准, 即实现具有方向回溯能力的全双工通信。最后, 通过仿真对该电路进行功能性验证。结果表明, 该电路在不同输入载噪比条件下, 实现了对四相相移键控调制信号的解调, 相邻射频通道解调信号的同相叠加, 相邻射频通道相干载波信号的相位差共轭, 验证了该相位共轭电路的波束自跟踪和全双工通信能力。

关键词: 双工通信, 相位共轭, Costas环, 载波恢复

Abstract:

In order to realize the real-time automatic antenna beam pointing, namely retrodirective, a kind of phase conjugate circuit based on Costas loop is put porword. Meanwhile, the phase conjugate circuit has the ability of demodulating the modulated signal, namely the ability to realize full-duplex communication. Firstly, the improved Costas loop structure is used to realize the data demodulation and carrier recovery of the modulated signal. Then, the phase conjugation of the recovered carrier is carried out by heterodyne mixing structure, and the signal is modulated and output as the transmitted carrier, so as to realize the automatic real-time pointing of the forward wave direction of the array antenna, that is, the full duplex communication with retrodirective ability is realized. Finally, the function of the circuit is verified by simulation. The results show that the quadrature phase shift keying modulation signal can be demodulated under different input carrier-to-noise ratios, and the demodulation signals of adjacent radio frequency channels are in phase superposition, and the phase difference conjugation of the coherent carrier signals of adjacent channels is verified, so the beam self-tracking and full-duplex communication ability of the phase conjugation circuit is verified.

Key words: duplex communication, phase conjugate, Costas loop, carrier recovery

中图分类号:

TN820

陈茹萌, 张云华, 陈鹏烽, 陈海涛, 朱国强. 用于方向回溯天线的Costas环相位共轭电路设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(11): 3072-3077.

Rumeng CHEN, Yunhua ZHANG, Pengfeng CHEN, Haitao CHEN, Guoqiang ZHU. Design of Costas loop phase conjugate circuit for retrodirective antenna[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(11): 3072-3077.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

图9

参考文献 31

1	KARODE S , FUSCO V . Self-tracking duplex communication link using planar retrodirective antennas[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 1999, 47 (6): 993- 1000. doi: 10.1109/8.777122
2	WEI X , HE L , CHEN L . Retrodirective antenna for inter-satellite data transmission[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8, 89720- 89726. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2993468
3	HOANG T V , LEE C H , LEE J H . Two-dimensional efficient broadband retrodirective metasurface[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 2019, 68 (3): 2451- 2456.
4	WANG W Q . Retrodirective frequency diverse array focusing for wireless information and power transfer[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2019, 37 (1): 61- 73. doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2018.2872360
5	ALHASSOUN M , VARNER M A , DURGIN G D . Theory and design of a retrodirective rat-race-based RFID tag[J]. IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, 2019, 3 (1): 25- 34. doi: 10.1109/JRFID.2018.2883234
6	ZENG J J, LIN X Q, YANG Y M, et al. High-isolation, low cross-polarization, differential-feed, dual-polarized patch antenna array for a 2.45 GHz retrodirective system application[C]// Proc. of the Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, 2020: 193-195.
7	PREUSS R D, BROWN D R. Retrodirective distributed transmit beamforming with two-way source synchronization[C]//Proc. of the Information Sciences & Systems, 2010.
8	ZHU Z B , HU W D , QIN T , et al. A high-precision terahertz retrodirective antenna array with navigation signal at a different frequency[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 2020, 21 (3): 377- 383. doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900581?utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Frontiers_of_Information_Technology_%2526_Electronic_Engineering_TrendMD_1
9	郭玉春, 周军, 张光生. 相位共轭天线阵研究[J]. 微波学报, 2010, 26 (S1): 165- 169.
	GUO Y C , ZHOU J , ZHANG G S . Research on phase-conjugating antenna arrays[J]. Journal of Microwaves, 2010, 26 (S1): 165- 169.
10	陈鹏烽, 张云华, 陈海涛, 等. 用于射频泄漏抑制的相位共轭电路设计[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2019, 19 (14): 213- 217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2019.14.031
	CHENG P F , ZHANG Y H , CHEN H T , et al. Phase conjugate circuit design for radio frequency leakage suppression[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2019, 19 (14): 213- 217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2019.14.031
11	赵广瑞. 方向回溯天线设计技术的研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2010.
	ZHAO G R. Research of retrodirective array's design technique[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2010.
12	刘文平, 臧建国, 闫述. 方向回溯相位共轭原理及射频/中频隔离技术[J]. 无线通信技术, 2012, 21 (3): 33- 36, 39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8329.2012.03.008
	LIU W P , ZANG J G , YAN S . The theory of phase conjugation and technology of RF/IF isolation using in retrodirective antenna array[J]. Wireless Communication Technology, 2012, 21 (3): 33- 36, 39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8329.2012.03.008
13	YEN S C , CHU T H . A retro-directive antenna array with phase conjugation circuit using subharmonically injection-locked self-oscillating mixers[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 2004, 52 (1): 154- 164. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2003.822436
14	FUSCO V , BUCHANAN N B . High-performance IQ modulator-based phase conjugator for modular retrodirective antenna array implementation[J]. IEEE Trans.on Microwave Theory & Techniques, 2009, 57 (10): 2301- 2306.
15	LEI C , CHUN G Y , WEI S X , et al. Overview on the phase conjugation techniques of the retrodirective array[J]. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2010, (2010): 564357.
16	BUCHANAN N , FUSCO V . Mirror image sawtooth phase conjugator circuit for retrodirective antenna applications[J]. IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, 2007, 6 (2): 503- 505.
17	CHEN L , SHI X W , ZHANG T L , et al. Design of a dual-frequency retrodirective array[J]. IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, 2010, 9, 478- 480.
18	FUSCO V , SOO C B , BUCHANAN N . Analysis and characterization of PLL-based retrodirective array[J]. IEEE Trans.on Microwave Theory & Techniques, 2005, 53 (2): 730- 738.
19	BUCHANAN N B , FUSCO V F . Quadrant switching PLL phase conjugator for retrodirective antenna applications[J]. IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, 2008, 791- 794.
20	FUSCO V , BUCHANAN N . Dual-mode retrodirective/phased array[J]. Electronics Letters, 2009, 45 (4): 139- 141.
21	BUCHANAN N B , FUSCO V F , VORST M V D . Satcom retrodirective array[J]. IEEE Trans.on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2016, 64 (5): 1614- 1621. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2541121
22	BUCHANAN N B , FUSCO V F . Modulation insensitive PLL for tracking antenna applications[J]. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2015, 57 (6): 1286- 1289. doi: 10.1002/mop.29073
23	WINTERSTEIN A, GREDA L, DREHER A. A PLL-based retrodirective antenna system for communications with arbitrary frequency gaps[C]//Proc. of the European Conference on Antennas & Propagation, 2015.
24	FUSCO V. A high performance analogue retrodirective phase conjugation circuit with RX array factor combination ability[C]// Proc. of the Microwave Symposium Digest, 2011.
25	ESWARA R B, INGMAR K. An analog Costas loop MMIC in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology for receiver synchronization of QPSK and BPSK modulated signals[C]//Proc. of the 15th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference, 2021: 125-128.
26	BONDARIEV A, MAKSYMIV I, ALTUNIN S. Simulation and experimental research of the enhanced BPSK and QPSK demodulator[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 15th International Confe-rence on Advanced Trends in Radioelectronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering, 2020.
27	HUANG S J , YEH Y C , WANG H , et al. W-band BPSK and QPSK transceivers with Costas-loop carrier recovery in 65-nm CMOS technology[J]. IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, 2011, 46 (12): 3033- 3046. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2011.2166469
28	SKOLNIK M , KING D . Self-phasing array antennas[J]. IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation, 2003, 12 (2): 142- 149.
29	BEST R E , KUZNETSOV N V , LEONOV G A , et al. Tutorial on dynamic analysis of the Costas loop[J]. Annual Reviews in Control, 2016, 42, 27- 49. doi: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2016.08.003
30	臧鹏. 无线通信中分集合并技术研究[J]. 国外电子测量技术, 2020, 39 (6): 65- 69.
	ZANG P . Research of diversity combining techniques in wireless communication[J]. Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, 2020, 39 (6): 65- 69.
31	李伦, 刘强. 一种支持多模式调制解调的通硬件平台设计[J]. 天津理工大学学报, 2016, 32 (2): 13- 17.
	LI L , LIU Q . A hardware platform for multi modes modulation and demodulation schemes[J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Technology, 2016, 32 (2): 13- 17.

相位差范围	VCO本地载波初始相位状态
[-45°, 45°)	0°
[45°, 135°)	90°
[135°, 225°)	180°
[225°, 315°)	270°

[1]	陈星, 李战武, 徐安, 胡晓东. 基于目标机动模式识别的VSMM算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2020, 42(5): 999-1006.
[2]	刁鸣, 袁熹, 高洪元, 陈娟. 一种新的基于粒子群算法的DOA跟踪方法[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2009, 31(9): 2046-2049.
[3]	宋立伟, 段宝岩, 郑飞. 反射面表面与馈源误差对天线方向图的影响[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2009, 31(6): 1269-1274.
[4]	包子阳, 陈客松, 何子述, 韩春林. 基于改进差分进化算法的圆阵稀布方法[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2009, 31(3): 497-499.

用于方向回溯天线的Costas环相位共轭电路设计

Design of Costas loop phase conjugate circuit for retrodirective antenna

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 31

相关文章 4

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价