基于北斗卫星校准的连接端站干涉测量与定轨

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.05.18

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 1303-1309.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.05.18

基于北斗卫星校准的连接端站干涉测量与定轨

樊敏^1,*(), 黄勇^2,³(), 黄磊¹(), 陈少伍¹(), 李赞¹()

1. 北京跟踪与通信技术研究所, 北京 100094
2. 中国科学院上海天文台, 上海 200030
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-06-29 出版日期:2021-05-01 发布日期:2021-04-27
通讯作者: 樊敏 E-mail:fanmin@bittt.cn;yongh@shao.ac.cn;huanglei@bittt.cn;chenshaowu@bittt.cn;lizan@bittt.cn
作者简介:樊敏(1980—), 女, 工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为航天器高精度轨道测量与精密定轨。E-mail: fanmin@bittt.cn|黄勇(1977—), 男, 研究员, 博士, 主要研究方向为航天器轨道动力学与精密定轨。E-mail: yongh@shao.ac.cn|黄磊(1982—), 男, 工程师, 硕士, 主要研究方向为航天测控系统总体设计。E-mail: huanglei@bittt.cn|陈少伍(1988—), 男, 工程师, 硕士, 主要研究方向为航天无线电测量技术。E-mail: chenshaowu@bittt.cn|李赞(1979—), 男, 副研究员, 硕士, 主要研究方向为航天测控系统总体设计。E-mail: lizan@bittt.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(U1931119)

Using CEI for GEO orbit determination based on Beidou satellite calibration

Min FAN^1,*(), Yong HUANG^2,³(), Lei HUANG¹(), Shaowu CHEN¹(), Zan LI¹()

1. Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, Beijing 100094, China
2. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200030, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-06-29 Online:2021-05-01 Published:2021-04-27
Contact: Min FAN E-mail:fanmin@bittt.cn;yongh@shao.ac.cn;huanglei@bittt.cn;chenshaowu@bittt.cn;lizan@bittt.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高连接端站干涉(connected-element interferometry, CEI)测量对地球静止卫星轨道(geostationary satellite orbit, GEO)空间角位置的测量精度, 通常采用射电源标校消除大部分公共误差, 但需要在测站配置大口径高增益天线以接收射电源的微弱信号。针对该问题, 以北斗导航卫星为标校源, 仅利用测站现有天线即可实现高精度CEI测量。利用喀什测控站相距20 km的两套天线设备对天链GEO卫星开展CEI测量。经北斗卫星校准后, 时延测量精度可达0.03 ns。定轨结果表明, 7 h的时延和单站测距数据联合定轨位置精度可达37 m, 预报12 h位置偏差约为78 m。与3 000 km范围分布的多站测距系统24 h弧段定轨精度相当, 验证了该技术用于GEO卫星高精度测定轨和机动后轨道恢复的可行性。

关键词: 全球导航卫星系统, 地球静止轨道卫星, 跟踪与数据中继卫星系统, 短基线干涉测量, 甚长基线干涉, 定轨精度分析

Abstract:

To improve the angular accuracy of connected-element interferometry (CEI) measurement for geostationary satellite orbit(GEO) satellites, the calibration based on radio source is needed to remove the most of common errors. The large aperture and high-gain antenna is usually necessary to receive weak signal from radio source. Using Beidou satellite for calibration is presented based on existing antenna in ground station. The CEI measurement is carried out for Tianlian GEO satellite on 20 km baseline between two antennas in using two sets of antenna equipment 20 km apart from Kashi TT&C station tracking and data relay satellite system (TDRSS). After calibration by Beidou satellite, the accuracy of time-delay measurement is 0.03 ns. The position accuracy of orbit determination is 37 m using 7 h of ranging from single station and CEI measurements. The position uncertainty of 12 h prediction reaches 78 m. The result is corresponded to the accuracy of orbit determination of 24 h from multi-station ranging system 3 000 km apart. Therefore, using the calibrated CEI could effectively improve the utilization of ground stations and GEO orbit determination accuracy.

Key words: global navigation satellite system(GNSS), geostationary satellite orbit(GEO), tracking and data relay satellite system, short baseline interferometry, very long baseline interferometry, accuracy analysis for orbit determination

中图分类号:

V448.21

樊敏, 黄勇, 黄磊, 陈少伍, 李赞. 基于北斗卫星校准的连接端站干涉测量与定轨[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(5): 1303-1309.

Min FAN, Yong HUANG, Lei HUANG, Shaowu CHEN, Zan LI. Using CEI for GEO orbit determination based on Beidou satellite calibration[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(5): 1303-1309.

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参数	VLBI技术	CEI技术
基线长度	数千至上万千米	10~100 km
天线设备	25~70 m大口径高增益天线	2~10 m口径天线
频率源	各站需要高稳氢钟作为独立本振	同一频率源, 通过光纤链路进行同步
标校源	射电源	北斗导航卫星
测量量及精度	群时延, 5 ns(S频段)	相时延, 10 ps量级(S频段)
实时性	事后处理	实时或准实时处理

误差类型	日期
误差类型	2018-08-15	2018-08-16	2018-08-22	2018-08-23
CEI测量弧段	14:00~21:00, 7 h	17:30~21:30, 4 h	14:00~16:30, 18:30~20:00, 间隔2 h共6 h	15:00~15:30, 2.5 h
位置误差/m	37	109	57	135
位置误差在基线方向的分量误差/m	21	8	23	7

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基于北斗卫星校准的连接端站干涉测量与定轨

Using CEI for GEO orbit determination based on Beidou satellite calibration

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