基于Petri网的导航卫星星座备份策略分析评估方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2021.02.18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对北斗三号系统中轨道Walker导航星座的备份策略问题,提出基于随机时间Petri网(stochastic timed Petri net, STPN)的分析评估方法。通过构建单星、轨道面和导航星座的3层STPN模型,分析不同备份策略下星座运行的逻辑行为特性和操作事件的时序关系。建立导航星座的可用性模型和运行成本模型,作为导航星座备份策略的评估指标。最后,利用蒙特卡罗方法对所提出的分析模型的准确性进行评估,并在满足可用性的前提下以成本最小为标准，获得星座在不同条件下的最优备份策略。结果表明,该方法能有效分析不同备份策略对星座运行参数的影响,可为导航星座备份策略设计优化提供量化依据。

关键词: Walker导航星座, Petri网, 备份策略, 可用性, 运行成本, 蒙特卡罗仿真

Abstract:

Aiming at the backup strategy of the medium orbit earth Walker navigation constellation of BDS-3, an analysis and evaluation method based on stochastic time Petri net (STPN) is proposed. By building a three layers STPN model of satellite, orbital plane and navigation constellation, the logical behavior characteristics of constellation operation and the timing relationship of operation event under different backup strategies are analyzed. The availability model and operation cost model of the navigation constellation are established as the evaluation index of the backup strategy of the navigation constellation. Finally, the Monte Carlo method is used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed analysis model, and the optimal backup strategy of the constellation under different conditions is obtained based on the minimum cost under the availability. The results show that the method can effectively analyze the influence of the different backup strategies on constellation operation parameters, and provide quantitative bais for the design and optimization of the navigation constellation backup strategy.

Key words: Walker navigation constellation, Petri net, backup strategy, availability, operation cost, Monte Carlo simulation

中图分类号:

王许煜, 胡敏, 张学阳, 赵玉龙, 李玖阳. 基于Petri网的导航卫星星座备份策略分析评估方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(2): 434-442.

Xuyu WANG, Min HU, Xueyang ZHANG, Yulong ZHAO, Jiuyang LI. Analysis and evaluation method of navigation satellite constellation backup strategy based on Petri net[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43(2): 434-442.

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库所	含义	变迁	含义
P112	正常运行	T112	故障触发
P113	长期故障触发	T113	发生长期故障
P114	维护故障触发	T114	发生短期故障
P115	短期故障触发	T115	发生维护故障
P116	短期故障	T116	维护故障修复
P117	维护故障	T117	短期故障修复
P118	长期故障	-	-

库所	含义	变迁	含义
P10	备份卫星等待替换	T11、T12、T13、T14、T15、T16、T17、T18	选择故障卫星
P11、P12、P13、P14、P15、P16、P17、P18	决定替换故障卫星	T111、T121、T131、T141、T151、T161、T171、T181	替换故障卫星
P19	备份卫星入轨	T118、T128、T138、T148、T158、T168、T178、T188	发出替换需求
P101	替换需求总数	T19	获取备份卫星
P102	替换指令	T101	收到替换指令
P103	发射需求总数	T103	发出发射需求
P104	发射需求	T104	备份卫星在轨测试
P105	在轨备份卫星完成测试	-	-

库所	含义	变迁	含义
P00	发射需求总数	T0	收到发射指令
P01	运载火箭生产指令	T01	生产运载火箭
P02	卫星生产指令	T02	生产卫星
P03	运载火箭完成生产	T04	获取卫星
P04	地面库存	T05	总装测试
P05	卫星等待发射	T06	重新发出发射需求
P06	完成总装测试	T07	发射卫星
P07	卫星发射成功	T011、T012、T013	获取发射需求
-	-	T08、T09、T010	选择轨道面

取值	星座状态
取值	P1	P2	P3	P4
最大值	100	100	99.98	99.73
最小值	100	100	99.30	96.01

参数	取值/年
尺度参数	33.80
形状参数	1.46
均值	10.60
标准差	1.10