稀疏字典学习海面微弱动目标检测

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2020.01.05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对强海杂波背景下微弱动目标信号提取困难、雷达检测性能差的问题，在稀疏表示理论的基础上，提出利用字典学习算法抑制海杂波、重构目标信号。该算法通过K类奇异值分解（K-singular value decomposition，K-SVD）算法学习海杂波和目标的稀疏域主成分特征，得到相应的学习字典，抑制海杂波并对目标信号稀疏重建，解决了以往固定字典与高海况下雷达回波匹配度低、目标信号提取效果差的问题；并通过算法参数的分析和优化，进一步提高了算法性能和工程实用性。基于实测数据的实验结果表明，相比传统检测方法，所提算法能够有效检测高海况下微弱动目标，显著提升检测性能。

关键词: 稀疏字典学习, 海杂波抑制, 信号重构, 微弱动目标检测

Abstract:

Aiming at the difficulty of weak moving target signals extraction and the poor radar detection performance under strong sea clutter background, a dictionary learning algorithm is proposed based on the sparse representation theory to suppress sea clutter and reconstruct the target signals. The K-singular value decomposition (K-SVD) algorithm is used in this method to learn the characteristics of principal components of sea clutter and targets in sparse domain, obtaining corresponding learning dictionaries. Based on the dictionaries, the sea clutter is first suppressed and then the target signals are reconstructed, overcoming the disadvantage of signals' low-matching degree and poor effects in signal extraction under fixed dictionaries. And then the algorithm parameters are analyzed and optimized to further promote the performance and engineering practicability. The experimental results based on the measured data show that compared with the traditional detection methods, the proposed algorithm can effectively detect the weak moving target under high sea conditions and significantly improve the detection performance.

Key words: sparse dictionary learning, sea clutter suppression, signal reconstruction, weak moving target detection

中图分类号:

TN911.23

董自巍, 孙俊, 孙晶明, 潘美艳. 稀疏字典学习海面微弱动目标检测[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2020, 42(1): 30-36.

Ziwei DONG, Jun SUN, Jingming SUN, Meiyan PAN. Marine weak moving target detection based on sparse dictionary learning[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2020, 42(1): 30-36.

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参数	变量值
发射频率/GHz	9
天线高度/m	67
极化方式	VV
脉冲功率/kW	2
脉冲宽度/ns	100
脉重频/kHz	5
天线模式	凝视
天线类型	双偏置反射器
天线增益/ dB	≥30
波束宽度/(°)	0.9
天线方位/(°)	166.02
距离分辨率/m	15

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