LDPC码的分层自适应最小和译码算法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.12.32

系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 4231-4237.doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.12.32

• 通信与网络 • 上一篇

LDPC码的分层自适应最小和译码算法

郑仁乐¹^,², 李东阳¹^,², 刘文学¹^,², 万金涛¹^,², 刘学勇¹^,², 李金海¹^,²^,*

1. 中国科学院微电子研究所通信与信息工程研发中心, 北京 100029
2. 中国科学院大学集成电路学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-11-15 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-12-30
通讯作者: 李金海
作者简介:郑仁乐(2000—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为卫星导航、无线通信
李东阳(1999—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为卫星导航中的信号处理及其硬件实现
刘文学(1985—), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为卫星导航相关的软硬件设计、信号处理
万金涛(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为卫星导航中的信号处理
刘学勇(1977—), 男, 副研究员, 博士, 主要研究方向为无线通信、SoC芯片设计
李金海(1978—), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要研究方向为卫星导航、宽带无线通信

Hierarchical adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm for LDPC code

Renle ZHENG¹^,², Dongyang LI¹^,², Wenxue LIU¹^,², Jintao WAN¹^,², Xueyong LIU¹^,², Jinha LI¹^,²^,*

1. Communication and Information Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2. School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-11-15 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-12-30
Contact: Jinha LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对归一化最小和译码算法较置信传播译码算法误差较大的问题, 提出自适应最小和译码算法。通过对当前迭代后验概率的硬判决值与前一次迭代后验概率的硬判决值进行计算, 动态调整归一化因子与偏移因子, 使得到的改进算法更接近于置信传播译码算法。在此基础上, 应用分层式调度策略, 提出分层自适应最小和译码算法, 提升译码算法收敛速度。仿真实验结果表明, 在误码率为10^-6时, 所提译码算法的误码性能与分层归一化最小和译码算法相比有0.25 dB的增益, 与分层置信传播译码算法的译码性能十分接近, 迭代次数仅有1次的增加, 具有更好的收敛性能。

关键词: 低密度奇偶校验码, 分层自适应最小和译码算法, 归一化因子, 偏移因子

Abstract:

To address the issue of larger errors in the normalized minimum sum decoding algorithm compared to the belief propagation decoding algorithm, an adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm is proposed. By calculating the hard decision values of the current iteration posterior probability and the previous iteration posterior probability, the normalization factor and offset factor are dynamically adjusted to make the improved algorithm closer to the belief propagation decoding algorithm. Based on this, a hierarchical scheduling strategy is applied to propose a hierarchical adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm, which improves the convergence speed of the decoding algorithm. Simulation results show that when the bit error rate is 10^-6, the proposed decoding algorithm has a gain of 0.25 dB of bit error performance compared to the hierarchical normalized minimum sum decoding algorithm. Compared with the hierarchical belief propagation decoding algorithm, the proposed decoding performance has a similar performance, with only one increase in iteration times sum better convergence performance.

Key words: low-density parity check (LDPC) code, hierarchical adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm, normalization factor, offset factor

中图分类号:

TN911.22

郑仁乐, 李东阳, 刘文学, 万金涛, 刘学勇, 李金海. LDPC码的分层自适应最小和译码算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(12): 4231-4237.

Renle ZHENG, Dongyang LI, Wenxue LIU, Jintao WAN, Xueyong LIU, Jinha LI. Hierarchical adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm for LDPC code[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(12): 4231-4237.

图/表 7

图1

图2

表1

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 32

1	GALLAGERR.Low-density parity-check codes[J].IRE Transactions on Information Theory,1962,8(1):21-28. doi: 10.1109/TIT.1962.1057683
2	RICHARDSONT J,SHOKROLLAHIM A,URBANKER L.Design of capacity-approaching irregular low-density parity-check codes[J].IEEE Trans.on Information Theory,2001,47(2):619-637. doi: 10.1109/18.910578
3	CHAITRAS,REKHAV,HARISHAA M,et al.A comprehensive review of parallel concatenation of LDPC code techniques[J].Indian Journal of Science and Technology,2021,14(5):432-444. doi: 10.17485/IJST/v14i5.2171
4	PANTELEEV P, KALACHEV G. Asymptotically good quantum and locally testable classical LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the 54th Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing, 2022: 375-388.
5	CHANG T C Y, LEE I H, WANG P H, et al. Enhanced informed dynamic BP decoding scheduling strategies for 5G NR LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2022.
6	许欣. 5G URLLC数据信道中LDPC编译码方法研究[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2020.
	XU X. Research on LDPC decoding method in 5G URLLC data channel[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2020.
7	JAYAWICKRAMAB A,HEY.Improved layered normalized min-sum algorithm for 5G NR LDPC[J].IEEE Wireless Communications Letters,2022,11(9):2015-2018. doi: 10.1109/LWC.2022.3192518
8	SONGD,RENJ K,WANGL,et al.Gaussian source coding based on P-LDPC code[J].IEEE Trans.on Communications,2023,71(4):1970-1981. doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2023.3245660
9	LUO F X, HE X, XING J Y, et al. Layered bit-flipping algorithms for decoding LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics, 2022: 337-341.
10	WADAYAMAT,NAKAMURAK,YAGITAM,et al.Gradient descent bit flipping algorithms for decoding LDPC codes[J].IEEE Trans.on Communications,2010,58(6):1610-1614. doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2010.06.090046
11	ZHUM Y,JIANGM,ZHAOC M.Adaptive belief propagation decoding of CRC concatenated NR LDPC and polar codes[J].IEEE Trans.on Communications,2022,70(8):4991-5003. doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2022.3184359
12	GEISELHARTM,EBADAM,ELKELESHA,et al.Automorphism ensemble decoding of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes by breaking graph symmetries[J].IEEE Communications Letters,2022,26(8):1705-1709. doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2022.3174164
13	孙斌,王钢,杨文超,等.一种改进型LLR BP算法的LDPC译码研究[J].无线电工程,2015,45(3):4-6, 18.
	SUNB,WANGG,YANGW C,et al.Research on LDPC decoding of an improved LLR BP algorithm[J].Radio Engineering,2015,45(3):4-6, 18.
14	SELVAKUMARIR S.Performance analysis of min-sum based LDPC decoder architecture for 5G new radio standards[J].Materials Today: Proceedings,2022,62,4965-4972. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.693
15	ZHANG Q Y, SONG S, WANG Z F. Low-complexity dynamic single-minimum min-sum algorithm and hardware implementation for LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, 2022: 389-393.
16	LIG W,YUX,LUOY,et al.A bottom up design methodology of neural min-sum decoders for LDPC codes[J].IET Communications,2023,17(3):377-386. doi: 10.1049/cmu2.12547
17	CHEN J L, ZHANG Y, SUN R Y. An improved normalized min-sum algorithm for LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the IEEE/ACIS 12th International Conference on Computer and Information Science, 2013: 509-512.
18	WANGQ,LIUQ,WANGS F,et al.Normalized min-sum neural network for LDPC decoding[J].IEEE Trans.on Cognitive Communications and Networking,2022,9(1):70-81.
19	NGUYEN J, WANG L F, HULSE C, et al. Neural normalized min-sum message passing vs. viterbi decoding for the CCSDS line product code[C]//Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2022: 2375-2380.
20	LIANGY H,LAMC T,NGB K.A low complexity neural normalized min-sum LDPC decoding algorithm using tensortrain decomposition[J].IEEE Communications Letters,2022,26(12):2914-2918. doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2022.3207506
21	YU H C, ZHAO M M, LEI M, et al. Neural adjusted min-sum decoding for LDPC codes[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 98th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2023.
22	RENY Q,HARBH,SHENY F,et al.A generalized adjusted min-sum decoder for 5G LDPC codes: algorithm and implementation[J].IEEE Trans.on Circuits and Systems Ⅰ: Regular Papers,2024,71(6):2911-2924. doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2024.3368056
23	JIANG P, DOU Z. An improved normalized min-sum decoding algorithm for regular LDPC[C]//Proc. of the 11th International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing, 2020, 11373: 823-830.
24	丘明春. 改进型LDPC译码算法的研究与实现[D]. 北京: 北京邮电大学, 2021.
	QIU M C. Research and implementation of improved LDPC decoding algorithm[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2021.
25	TANG J, BHATT T, STOLPMAN V. Modified min-sum algorithm for LDPC decoders in UWB communications[C]//Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Ultra Wideband, 2006: 125-130.
26	SUNJ G,LIJ M.LDPC minimum sum decoding algorithm and its IC physical design[J].Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation,2023,14(1):108-115. doi: 10.62756/jmsi.1674-8042.2023013
27	MAAMMAR N EI, BRI S, FOSHI J. Layered offset min-sum decoding for low density parity check codes[C]//Proc. of the International Symposium on Advanced Electrical and Communication Technologies, 2018.
28	FAN L W, PAN C Y, PENG K W, et al. Adaptive normalized min-sum algorithm for LDPC decoding[C]//Proc. of the 9th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, 2013: 1081-1084.
29	宁晓燕,孙晶晶,孙志国,等.LDPC码的分层类拟合修正最小和译码算法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2022,54(11):88-94.
	NINGX Y,SUNJ J,SUNZ G,et al.Layered class fitting modified minimum sum decoding algorithm for LDPC codes[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2022,54(11):88-94.
30	WEIJIA Z, JAYAKODY D N K. An adaptive exponential min-sum decoding algorithm[C]//Proc. of the 6th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things, 2023: 34-39.
31	陈发堂,刘一帆,唐成.LDPC码的一种低复杂度归一化最小和译码算法[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2020,32(1):92-98.
	CHENF T,LIUY F,TANGC.A low complexity normalized minimum sum decoding algorithm for LDPC codes[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (Natural Science Edition),2020,32(1):92-98.
32	WU Q L, TANG S K, LIANG Y H, et al. A low complexity model driven deep learning LDPC decoding algorithm[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 6th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems, 2021: 558-563.

译码算法	加法运算	乘法运算	比较运算	非线性运算
ASF-LNMS	wr×m+1+n	wr×m+2	(2wr－3)m	0
LBP	wr×m	2wr×m	0	2wr×m
LNMS	wr×m	wr×m	(2wr－3)m	0

[1]	陈发堂, 李贺宾, 李平安. 基于偏移最小和的LDPC译码改进算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(7): 2350-2356.
[2]	刘恒燕, 张立民, 闫文君, 钟兆根, 凌青, 梁晓军. 基于WBP-CNN算法的LDPC译码[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(3): 1030-1035.
[3]	王任之, 潘克刚, 赵瑞祥. 跳频抗干扰通信系统中LDPC码的编码优化设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(11): 3548-3555.
[4]	潘睿, 袁磊. 脉冲信道下基于深度学习的BP译码方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2020, 42(9): 2116-2122.
[5]	黄胜, 宋静, 袁建国. 基于完备循环差集的type-Ⅱ QC-LDPC码的构造[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2018, 40(11): 2586-.
[6]	高翔, 吴湛击, 吴熹. 基于低密度格码的编码协作中继系统[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2017, 39(5): 1126-1133.
[7]	袁建国, 李媛媛, 敖翔, 庞宇, 林金朝. 基于完备循环差集的大围长Type-Ⅱ QC-LDPC码的构造[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2017, 39(11): 2587-2591.
[8]	胡星, 马林华, 孙康宁, 黄天宇, 刘士平. 高阶量纠错码理论限及软判决编译码算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2017, 39(10): 2312-2319.
[9]	鲁凌云, 霍丽丽, 杜海峰. 多用户MIMO-OFDM的多维协同安全策略[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2016, 38(10): 2413-2419.
[10]	赵宏伟, 张凯. 卫星通信中低复杂度联合迭代译码算法及仿真[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2016, 38(1): 147-154.
[11]	陈正康1,2, 张会生1, 李立欣1, 朱梦1. LDPC码最小和译码算法的整数量化[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2015, 37(10): 2371-2375.
[12]	薛睿, 魏强, 徐锡超. [J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2015, 37(1): 169-174.
[13]	林志国，彭卫东，林晋福，檀蕊莲，宋晓鸥. LDPC码最优化译码算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2014, 36(9): 1849-1853.
[14]	张高远，周亮，文红. 基于幅度和的LDPC码加权比特翻转译码算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2014, 36(4): 752-757.
[15]	张高远, 周亮, 文红. LDPC码偏移修正加权比特翻转译码算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2014, 36(11): 2288-2294.

LDPC码的分层自适应最小和译码算法

Hierarchical adaptive minimum sum decoding algorithm for LDPC code

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 32

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价