考虑安全性需求的航空电子网络可靠性模型

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

航空电子网络的可靠性水平表征其对航电任务完成能力的支撑程度, 基于单一连通性考虑的网络可靠性模型仅涵盖了网络的结构信息, 无法有效评价网络对不同安全关键任务的支撑能力, 影响对网络安全性的真实评价。提出了一种综合考虑任务安全关键属性和网络结构属性的航电网络可靠性分析模型。基于安全关键度邻接矩阵, 采用边扩张分解创建网络的有序二叉决策图, 实现对网络可靠性的评价。通过分析实际航空电子全双工交换式以太网(avionics full-duplex switched ethernet, AFDX)交换机网络, 在加入4个等级的任务安全约束(safety constraint of task, SCT)后, 可有效剔除高风险路径, 任务在网络中可传输的链路安全关键度累积平均分别降低1.19%、9.47%、29.18%和58.14%。

关键词: 安全性, 航空电子网络, 有序二叉决策图, 可靠性

Abstract:

The reliability level of an avionics network characterizes its capability to support avionics mission completion. Network reliability models based on single connectivity considerations cover only the structural information of the network and cannot effectively evaluate the network’s ability to support different safety-critical missions, affecting the accurate evaluation of network safety. To address this issue, a comprehensive avionic network reliability analysis model that takes into account both the safety-critical attributes of tasks and the structural attributes of the network is proposed. Based on the safety-critical adjacency matrix, an ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) is constructed through edge expansion decomposition to evaluate the network’s reliability. By analyzing an actual avionics full-duplex switched ethernet (AFDX) switch network and incorporating four levels of safety constraints, high-risk paths can effectively be eliminated. The cumulative average safety-criticality of links through which tasks can be transmitted in the network is reduced by 1.19%, 9.47%, 29.18%, and 58.14%, respectively.

Key words: safety, avionics network, ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD), reliability

中图分类号:

V
240.2

赵长啸, 汪鹏辉, 田小艺, 汪克念. 考虑安全性需求的航空电子网络可靠性模型[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(10): 3462-3472.

Changxiao ZHAO, Penghui WANG, Xiaoyi TIAN, Kenian WANG. Avionics network reliability model considering safety requirements[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3462-3472.

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Scale函数取值	相对重要性
1	2个元素相比, 具有同等重要性
3	2个元素相比, 前者比后者稍重要
5	2个元素相比, 前者比后者明显重要
7	2个元素相比, 前者比后者强烈重要
9	2个元素相比, 前者比后者极端重要
2, 4, 6, 8	两相邻判断的中间值
以上数的倒数	若元素i与元素j的重要性之比为a_ij, 则元素j与元素i的重要性之比为a_ji=1/a_ij

标度	RI
1	0.00
2	0.00
3	0.58
4	0.90
5	1.12
6	1.24
7	1.32
8	1.41
9	1.45

失效分类与评价结果	对机组的影响	对乘客的影响	对飞机的影响
Ⅳ类失效	0.055	0.041	0.095
Ⅲ类失效	0.118	0.082	0.160
Ⅱ类失效	0.263	0.349	0.278
Ⅰ类失效	0.564	0.528	0.467
CR值	0.044	0.048	0.012
一致性检验	通过	通过	通过

失效状态等级	严重程度W_Ci
Ⅰ类失效C1	0.815
Ⅱ类失效C2	0.268
Ⅲ类失效C3	0.046
Ⅳ类失效C4	0.014

系统功能ID	Ⅰ类	Ⅱ类	Ⅲ类	Ⅳ类
Fun₁	0	4	5	4
Fun₂	1	5	4	5
Fun₃	3	0	5	3
Fun₄	2	1	4	4
Fun₅	2	4	2	3
Fun₆	2	2	5	5
Fun₇	0	2	5	6
Fun₈	2	5	6	3
Fun₉	1	0	4	5