复杂软件系统双向耦合论证设计方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

复杂软件系统的特点决定了无法沿用自顶向下、计划驱动的传统软件开发方法实施构建, 其复杂软件系统设计更倾向于规划设计, 目的是为在软件过程层面上提供系统为适应环境和需求变化而实施调整的适应性演化高层决策。针对现有基于模型的系统工程方法和工具在适应演化分析方面存在的不足, 提出复杂软件系统双向耦合论证设计方法及其关键技术, 为综合自上而下、自下而上的论证设计提供了明确的实现路径和技术方法, 可为工作性质类似的发展路线图、五年发展规划等装备战略管理工作提供有益借鉴。

关键词: 复杂软件系统, 基于模型的系统工程, 发展路线图, 装备战略管理

Abstract:

The characteristics of complex software systems determine that it can not follow the traditional top-down and plan-driven software development methods to implement and construct. The design of complex software system is more similar to planning design, aiming at providing high-level decision-making of adaptive evolution for the system to adapt to the changes of environment and requirements at the software process level. In view of the shortcomings of existing model-based system engineering methods and tools in adapting to evolution analysis, this paper puts forward a bidirectional coupling demonstration and design method and its key technologies for complex software systems, which provides a clear realization path and technical method for comprehensive top-down and bottom-up demonstration and design, and provides useful reference for equipment strategic management such as development roadmap and five-year development plan with similar work nature.

Key words: complex software system, model-based system engineering, development roadmap, equipment strategic management

中图分类号:

N
94-0
N
945

罗睿, 黄今辉, 王双双, 孔德照. 复杂软件系统双向耦合论证设计方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(10): 3451-3461.

Rui LUO, Jinhui HUANG, Shuangshuang WANG, Dezhao KONG. Bidirectional coupling analysis and design method for complex software system[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3451-3461.

图/表 10

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

图7

图8

图9

参考文献 47

1	王维平,朱一凡,王涛,等.体系视野下的MBSE[J].科技导报,2019,37(7):12-21.
	WANGW P,ZHUY F,WANGT,et al.MBSE from a system of systems point of view[J].Science & Technology Review,2019,37(7):12-21.
2	张鹏翼,黄百乔,鞠鸿彬.MBSE: 系统工程的发展方向[J].科技导报,2020,38(21):21-26. doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.21.002
	ZHANGP Y,HUANGB Q,JUH B.MBSE: future direction of system engineering[J].Science & Technology Review,2020,38(21):21-26. doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.21.002
3	邓昱晨,毛寅轩,卢志昂,等.基于模型的系统工程的应用及发展[J].科技导报,2019,37(7):49-54.
	DENGY C,MAOY X,LUZ A,et al.Analysis of the development of model-based systems engineering application[J].Science & Technology Review,2019,37(7):49-54.
4	鲁金直,王国新,郑新华,等.基于模型系统工程中国应用调查[J].科技导报,2018,36(20):57-66.
	LUJ Z,WANGG X,ZHENGX H,et al.Model-based systems engineering application investigation in China[J].Science & Technology Review,2018,36(20):57-66.
5	DoD Architecture Framework Working Group. DoD architecture framework version 2.0 volume 1: introduction, overview, and concepts[R]. Washington DC: Department of Defense, 2009.
6	DoD Architecture Framework Working Group. DoD architecture framework version 2.0 volume 2: architectural data and models architect's guide[R]. Washington DC: Department of Defense, 2009.
7	DoD Architecture Framework Working Group. DoD architecture framework version 2.0 volume 3: DoDAF meta-model physical exchange specification developer's guide[R]. Washington DC: Department of Defense, 2009.
8	IBM Corporation Software Group. Harmony a MBSE deskbook version 1.00-agile model-based systems engineering best practices with IBM rhapsody[R]. Somers: IBM Corporation, 2017.
9	No Magic Incorporated MagicGrid_® book of knowledge-a practical guide to systems modeling using magic grid from dassault systems[R]. Kaunas: Dassault Systems, 2021.
10	曹江,陈彬,高岚岚,等.体系工程"钻石"模型与数智孪生[J].科技导报,2020,38(21):6-20. doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.21.001
	CAOJ,CHENB,GAOL L,et al.Diamond model and digital-intelligent twin for system of systems engineering[J].Science & Technology Review,2020,38(21):6-20. doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.21.001
11	樊志强,曹江,牛婵,等.一种基于Inf-ProA框架的能力满足度计算方法[J].计算机与现代化,2021,(6):12-17.
	FANZ Q,CAOJ,NIUC,et al.A capacity satisfaction calculating method based on Inf-ProA architecture framework[J].Computer and Modernization,2021,(6):12-17.
12	The Open Group. The TOGAF standard, 10th edition[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://publications.opengroup.org/c220.
13	The Open Group. TOGAF series guide: business capabilities, version 2[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. www.opengroup.org/library/g211.
14	The Open Group. TOGAF series guide: business models[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://publications.opengroup.org/g18a.
15	The Open Group. TOGAF series guide: enabling enterprise agility[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://publications.opengroup.org/g20f.
16	The Open Group. TOGAF series guide: using the TOGAF standard in the digital enterprise[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://publications.opengroup.org/g217.
17	The Open Group. TOGAF series guide: value streams[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://publications.opengroup.org/g178.
18	Architecture Capability Team, Consultation, Command & Control Board. Modeling guidelines for use of the UAF DMM[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/pdf_2019_04/20190404_AC_322-N-201-0046_ENG-UAF-Guide.pdf.
19	Architecture Capability Team, Consultation, Command & Control Board. NATO architecture framework version 4[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2021/1/pdf/NAFv4_2020.09.pdf.
20	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework profile version1.0[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. http://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.0.
21	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework profile version1.1[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.1/UAFP/PDF.
22	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework domain metamodel version 1.1[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.1/DMM/PDF.
23	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework modeling language (UAFML) version 1.2[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.2.
24	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework traceability (informative) appendix a version 1.2[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.2.
25	Object Management Group. Unified architecture framework (UAF) sample problem (informative) appendix B version 1.2[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.2.
26	Object Management Group. Enterprise architecture guide for UAF (informative) appendix C version 1.2[EB/OL]. [2023-05-22]. https://www.omg.org/spec/UAF/1.2.
27	IBM Corporation. IBM rational system architect user guide release 11.3.1[EB/OL]. [2023-05-07]. http://developer.ibm.com.
28	IBM Software Group. Systems engineering best practices with the rational solution for systems and software engineering deskbook release 3.1.2[R]. Somers: IBM Corporation, 2011.
29	IBM Software Group. Systems engineering best practices with the rational solution for systems and software engineering deskbook release 4.0[R]. Somers: IBM Corporation, 2013.
30	蒋浴芹. M-Design-多域产品系统建模平台的研究与实现[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2011.
	JIANG Y Q. M-Design: a platform for modeling of multi domain system engineering[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2011.
31	刘玉生,樊红日,蒋浴芹,等.M-Design: 多域复杂机电产品系统建模平台[J].软件学报,2012,23(2):8-20.
	LIUY S,FANH R,JIANGY Q,et al.M-Design: system modeling platform for multi-domain complex mechatronics[J].Journal of Software,2012,23(2):8-20.
32	苏州同元软控信息技术有限公司. MWorks 2.5用户手册[EB/OL]. [2023-05-07]. http://www.tongyuan.cc/product/MWorks.
	Suzhou Tongyuan Software&Control Technology Company Limited. MWorks 2.5 user guide[EB/OL]. [2023-05-07]. http://www.tongyuan.cc/product/MWorks.
33	王怀民,吴文峻,毛新军,等.复杂软件系统的成长性构造与适应性演化[J].中国科学: 信息科学,2014,44(6):743-761.
	WANGH M,WUW J,MAOX J,et al.Growing construction and adaptive evolution of complex software system[J].Scientia Sinica (Informationis),2014,44(6):743-761.
34	韩雨泓. 面向军事复杂软件系统的协同开发演化发展研究[D]. 成都: 四川大学, 2021.
	HAN Y H. Research on collaborative development and evolution of military complex software system[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University, 2021.
35	Systems Engineering Vision 2025 Project Team of the International Council on Systems Engineering. A world in motion-systems engineering vision 2025[R]. California: INCOSE, 2014.
36	MIRANDAG M,ALMEIDAJ P A,AZEVEDOC L B,et al.An ontological analysis of capability modeling in defense enterprise architecture frameworks[J].Ontobras,2016,11-22.
37	刘兆鹏,罗睿,王强,等.基于功能和效应的作战能力指标体系设计[J].火力与指挥控制,2020,45(6):24-29.
	LIUZ P,LUOR,WANGQ,et al.Design of combat capacity index system based on measures from performance and effective perspective[J].Fire Control & Command Control,2020,45(6):24-29.
38	刘爱伦,厉康.行动识别理论[J].心理科学,2004,27(4):913-915. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2004.04.037
	LIUA L,LIK.The theory of action identification[J].Psychological Science,2004,27(4):913-915. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6981.2004.04.037
39	GEORGIEVSKI I, AIELLO M. An overview of hierarchical task network planning[EB/OL]. [2023-05-07]. https://srxiv.org/abs/1403.7426.
40	MULCAHYN J,CALLJ.Apes save tools for future use[J].Science,2006,312(5776):1038-1040. doi: 10.1126/science.1125456
41	LUCCIS,KOPECD.Artificial inteligence in the 21st century[M].Herndon:Mercury Learning and Information, Inc,2016.
42	RAKESH A, RAMAKRISHNAN S. Fast algorithms for mining association rules[C]//Proc. of the 20th Very Large Data Bases Conference, 2000.
43	罗睿,常歌,王强.基于时空控制指标的联合作战能力分析[J].指挥控制与仿真,2019,41(6):12-17.
	LUOR,CHANGG,WANGQ.Joint operational capacity analysis based on temporal-spatial control effectiveness mea-sures[J].Command Control & Simulation,2019,41(6):12-17.
44	郑冲,章林锋,张婷,等.装备型谱的理论基础研究[J].航天标准化,2019,3,20-23.
	ZHENGC,ZHANGL F,ZHANGT,et al.Research on theoretical basis of equipment structure[J].Aerospace Standardization,2019,3,20-23.
45	孔德鹏,马溢清,郑保华,等.面向不确定多任务场景的海上联合作战装备体系贡献率评估方法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2022,44(12):3775-3782. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.12.22
	KONGD P,MAY Q,ZHENGB H,et al.Contribution rate assessment method of maritime joint operations equipment system of systems for uncertain multi-mission scenes[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2022,44(12):3775-3782. doi: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2022.12.22
46	章华平,郑少秋,潘清,等.新型作战场景设计方法与实践[J].指挥信息系统与技术,2020,11(6):20-25.
	ZHANGH P,ZHENGS Q,PANQ,et al.Designing method for new operational scenario and its practice[J].Command Information System and Technology,2020,11(6):20-25.
47	戎光,刘新发,夏惠诚.基于DoDAF的大型舰艇编队防空反导系统作战体系结构[J].舰船电子对抗,2012,35(6):22-25.
	RONGG,LIUX F,XIAH C.Operation architecture of air defense and anti-missile system of large warship formation based on DoDAF[J].Shipboard Electronic Countermeasure,2012,35(6):22-25.

能力关系	能力树	有向图
顺序
并行
选择
重复

[1]	王乾, 郑党党, 佟瑞庭, 韩冰, 杨小辉. 基于MBSE的民机飞行控制系统架构设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(9): 3050-3059.
[2]	陈志兵, 邬恒, 罗战虎, 王建国. 基于MBSE的对流层飞艇运行概念研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(3): 1004-1012.
[3]	董梦如, 王国新, 鲁金直, 马君达, 阎艳. 基于WordCloud技术的MBSE发展态势研究[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(2): 534-548.
[4]	苗学问, 董骁雄, 钱征文, 胡杨, 李牧东. 基于DoDAF的航空装备智能保障系统体系结构建模[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(2): 640-648.
[5]	任浩亮, 张建超, 程会川. 基于SysML的武器装备体系能力需求建模分析方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(9): 2843-2851.
[6]	黄冉, 彭祺擘, 武新峰, 倪庆. 基于DoDAF的载人登月体系结构建模[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(7): 2131-2137.
[7]	高金艳, 汪路元, 潘忠石, 王虎妹. 火星维护与管理装置的MBSE架构建模[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(5): 1441-1450.
[8]	武新峰, 彭祺擘, 黄冉, 李静琳. 基于MBSE的运载火箭上升段逃逸救生策略[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(4): 1121-1126.
[9]	彭祺擘, 张海联. 基于模型的载人航天工程需求分析方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(11): 3532-3543.
[10]	史文卿, 王海峰, 陈海昕. 战斗机无人机编组协同系统需求捕获与验证[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(1): 108-118.
[11]	卢元杰, 刘志敏, 孙智孝, 阚东. 基于模型的无人机系统架构综合评估方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(4): 1239-1245.
[12]	廖万斌, 曹云峰, 王新尧. 面向复杂系统需求分析的DSL构建[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(11): 3443-3454.
[13]	范秋岑, 毕文豪, 张安, 王文浩. 民用飞机高度控制系统MBSE建模方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(1): 164-171.
[14]	焦洪臣, 雷勇, 张宏宇, 张国斌, 王耀东. 基于MBSE的航天器系统建模分析与设计研制方法探索[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(9): 2516-2525.
[15]	李德林, 毕文豪, 张安, 范秋岑. 基于MBSE的民机研制过程管理[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(8): 2209-2220.