基于SysML的空间有效载荷测试路径自动生成方法

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为简化对空间有效载荷这一复杂系统的集成测试工作, 引入基于模型的系统工程(model-based sytems engineering, MBSE)思想, 提出一种基于系统建模语言(system modeling language, SysML)的测试路径自动生成方法。所提方法所需的信息全部来源于载荷设备在数字设计阶段所构建的SysML数字模型。首先, 对载荷的SysML活动图进行预处理; 之后, 根据载荷运行特性与活动图特性构建测试路径搜索模型, 并以此提出改进蚁群算法以搜索全部测试路径; 最后, 基于SysML用例图在全部测试路径中进一步进行搜索, 从而获取指定功能的测试路径。以空间燃烧科学实验载荷为例展示所提方法的详细过程, 并对算法性能进行分析。在200次重复实验中，所提方法所得测试路径的覆盖率达到100%，最大迭代次数为27。实验结果表明，所提方法不会产生大量的无效测试路径，大大提高测试路径规划工作的效率。

关键词: 系统建模语言, 测试路径生成, 蚁群算法, 空间有效载荷

Abstract:

To simplify the integration testing of the complex system of space effective payloads, a method for automatically generating test paths based on system modeling language (SysML) is proposed by introducing the concept of model-based systems engineering (MBSE). The required information is all derived from the SysML digital models constructed during the digital design stage of the payload. Firstly, the SysML activity diagram of the payload is preprocessed. Secondly, the test path search model is constructed based on the characteristics of the payload and the activity diagram, and an improved ant colony algorithm is proposed to search for all the test paths. Finally, based on the SysML use case diagram, a further search is performed among all the test paths to obtain the test paths for the specified functions. The detailed procedure of the proposed method is demonstrated with the example of a space combustion science experiment payload, and the performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed. In 200 repeated experiments, the coverage rate of the test paths obtained by the proposed method is 100%, and the maximum number of iterations is 27. The experimental result showes that the proposed method can bring the efficiency of test paths planning to the next level without the generation of a large amount of unefficient test paths.

Key words: system modeling language (SysML), test path generation, ant colony algorithm, space effective payload

中图分类号:

V
416.8

金鑫, 贺宇峰. 基于SysML的空间有效载荷测试路径自动生成方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(10): 3416-3426.

Xin JIN, Yufeng HE. Method for automatic generation of space effective payload test paths based on SysML[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3416-3426.

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元件	名称	含义
	初始节点	声明有效载荷活动的开始
	结束节点	声明有效载荷活动的终止
	行动节点	单个可执行的行动
	分叉/汇合节点	标识并发事件的起止
	决断节点	标识当前须选择待进入的分支
	泳道	标识有效载荷中负责执行对应行动的模块
	控制流	标识逻辑流

元件	名称	含义
	用例	有效载荷的预期功能
	执行者	使用有效载荷预期功能的用户
	边界	有效载荷内拥有并执行图中用例的内部模块子系统
	交互关系	标识用户与预期功能之间的交互关系
	包含关系	标识箭头指向端的用例是另一端用例的子集

信息列表名称	信息列表格式	释义
交互列表	[{执行者1, 用例1}, …]	交互列表由多个元组构成, 每个元组记录一个交互关系连接的执行者和用例
包含列表	[{用例1, 用例2}, …]	包含列表由多个元组构成, 每个元组记录一个包含关系连接的父集和子集
边界列表	[{边界1, 边界1, …}…]	边界列表由多个元组构成，每个元组记录一个内部模块子系统所拥有的用例

信息列表名称	信息列表格式	释义
节点列表	[{行动1名称, 行动1的xmi.id, X₁, Y₁, Owner}, …]	节点列表由多个元组组成，每个元组中存储一个行动的名字和xmi.id, X₁和Y₁分别为几何中心在图中的横纵坐标以及其所在泳道的xmi.id
泳道列表	[[{泳道名称, 泳道的xmi.id，激活行动名称, 元素1的xmi.id}…], …]	泳道列表由多个子列表构成，每个子列表由多个元组构成，子列表中的第一个元组申明泳道的名字和xmi.id, 以及泳道的激活行动的名字和xmi.id，其他元组为该泳道包含元素的名字与xmi.id。其中，泳道的激活行动定义为泳道内所有行动中必须首先被执行的行动
可访问列表	[{当前节点名称, 当前节点的xmi.id}, {可访问节点1名称, 可访问节点的xmi.id}…]	可访问列表由多个元组构成，第一个元组为当前节点的名字和xmi.id，其他元组为当前节点可访问的节点名字与xmi.id
初始结束节点列表	[{初始节点名称, 初始节点的xmi.id}, {结束节点名称, 结束节点的xmi.id}]	活动图的初始行动节点和结束行动节点的名字和xmi.id，一般初始行动的类型为Initial，结束行动的类型为Final
控制流列表	[{行动1的xmi.id, 行动2的xmi.id}, …]	控制流列表由多个元组构成，每个元组记录了控制流的初始行动和结束行动的xmi.id

行动	编号
行动开始	A1
行动终止	A2
实验单元加电	A3
实验单元断电	A4
实验数据信息采集开始	A5
实验数据信息采集结束	A6
实验数据信息下行	A7
F1	F1
相机开始采集	A8
相机停止采集	A9
相机信息转存到硬盘	A10
F2	F2
广角相机开始观测电热丝位置	A11
步进电机移动电热丝至点火位置	A12
电热丝点火	A13
步进电机复原至原位	A14
广角相机关	A15
隔膜泵循环过滤开始	A16
隔膜泵循环过滤结束	A17
燃料剂比例阀开	A18
燃料高压电磁阀开	A19
燃料质量流量计控制	A20
燃料质量流量计控制置零	A21
燃料高压电磁阀关	A22
燃料剂比例阀关	A23
中心氧化剂比例阀开	A24
氧化剂电磁阀加电	A25
氧化剂质量流量设置	A26
氧化剂质量流量置零	A27
氧化剂电磁阀断电	A28
氧化剂比例阀关	A29
氮气主机加电	A30
氮气截止阀开	A31
稀释剂比例阀开	A32
氮气质量流量配置	A33
氮气质量流量配置置零	A34
稀释剂比例阀关	A35
截止阀关	A36
氮气主机断电	A37