基于STFrFT的间歇采样转发干扰抑制

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.10.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干扰机对雷达脉冲快速切片、转发形成间歇采样转发干扰, 若从雷达主瓣进入, 将对雷达目标检测形成严重威胁。从波形设计和时频分析的角度出发, 提出一种基于短时分数阶傅里叶变换(short-time fractional Fourier transform, STFrFT)的主瓣间歇采样转发干扰抑制方法。首先设计脉内捷变频信号, 提升干扰与目标信号的差异; 接着采用STFrFT进行时频分析, 相比传统短时傅里叶变换大大提升了时频分辨率, 相比分数阶傅里叶变换类方法没有对信号参数的限制; 最后结合图像学方法对干扰进行剔除, 对从主瓣进入的高干信比干扰也可形成有效抑制。仿真结果表明, 所提方法可在多种环境下有效对抗间歇采样转发干扰。

关键词: 间歇采样转发干扰, 短时分数阶傅里叶变换, 图像处理, 频率捷变

Abstract:

Jammers can rapidly slice and forward radar pulse to form interrupted-sampling repeater jamming. If it enters from the main lobe of radar, it will pose a serious threat to radar target detection. Starting from waveform design and time-frequency analysis, a main lobe interrupted-sampling repeater jamming suppression method is proposed based on short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFrFT). Firstly, an intra-pulse frequency agility signal is harnessed to improve the distinguishability between jamming and target signal.Moreover, the STFrFT is applied to time-frequency analysis, which significantly improves the time-frequency analysis accuracy compared with traditional short-time Fourier transform methods and removes the restrictions on signal parameters compared with fractional Fourier transform methods. Finally, through eliminating jamming by using image processing methods, the interference of high jamming-to-signal ratio from the main lobe of radar is suppressed effectively. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can effectively suppress interrupted-sampling repeater jamming in various environments.

Key words: interrupted-sampling repeater jamming, short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFrFT), image processing, frequency agility

中图分类号:

TN974

李晋杰, 曹运合, 张钰林, 王蒙. 基于STFrFT的间歇采样转发干扰抑制[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(10): 3312-3324.

Jinjie LI, Yunhe CAO, Yulin ZHANG, Meng WANG. Interrupted-sampling repeater jamming suppression based on STFrFT[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(10): 3312-3324.

图/表 18

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

图17

参考文献 37

1	ZHANG J D , ZHU D Y , ZHANG G . New antivelocity deception jamming technique using pulses with adaptive initial phases[J]. IEEE Trans.on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2013, 49 (2): 1290- 1300. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2013.6494414
2	GRECO M , GINI F , FARINA A , et al. Radar detection and classification of jamming signals belonging to a cone class[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2008, 56 (5): 1984- 1993. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2007.909326
3	ROOMW S J . Digital radio frequency memory[J]. Electronics Communications Engineering Journal, 1990, 2 (4): 147- 153. doi: 10.1049/ecej:19900035
4	LI C Z, SU W M, GU H, et al. Improved interrupted sampling repeater jamming based on DRFM[C]//Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing, 2014: 254-257.
5	WANG X S , LIU J C , ZHANG W M , et al. Mathematic principles of interrupted-sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ)[J]. Science China (Information Sciences), 2007, 50 (1): 113- 123. doi: 10.1007/s11432-007-2017-y
6	ZHOU C , LIU Q H , CHEN X L . Parameter estimation and suppression for DRFM-based interrupted sampling repeater jammer[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2018, 12 (1): 56- 63.
7	WEI Z H , LIU Z , PENG B , et al. ECCM scheme against interrupted sampling repeater jammer based on parameter-adjusted waveform design[J]. Sensors, 2018, 18 (4): 1141- 1156. doi: 10.3390/s18041141
8	YUAN H , WANG C Y , LI X , et al. A method against interrupted-sampling repeater jamming based on energy function detection and band-pass filtering[J]. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2017, 2017 (2): 6759169.
9	LIU Z X , QUAN Y H , WU Y J , et al. Range and Doppler reconstruction for sparse frequency agile linear frequency modulation-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing radar[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2022, 16 (6): 1014- 1025.
10	CAROTENUTO V , AUBRY A , MAIO A , et al. Assessing agile spectrum management for cognitive radar on measured data[J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2020, 36 (6): 20- 32.
11	DING S , SHANG C X , HAN Z Z , et al. Continuous wave radio frequency-screen signal[J]. Modern Defense Technology, 2018, 46 (1): 190- 194.
12	ZHOU C , LIU F F , LIU Q H . An adaptive transmitting scheme for interrupted sampling repeater jamming suppression[J]. Sensors, 2017, 17 (11): 2480- 2495. doi: 10.3390/s17112480
13	YUAN R F, GAN R B, TANG G F, et al. Range-Doppler and anti-interference performance of cognitive radar detection waveform[C]//Proc. of the IEEE 12th International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments, 2015: 607-612.
14	HANBALI S , KASTANTIN R . Technique to counter active echo cancellation of self-protection ISRJ[J]. Electronics Letters, 2017, 53 (10): 680- 681. doi: 10.1049/el.2017.0617
15	张彦, 叶春茂, 鲁耀兵, 等. 双曲调频波形抑制间歇采样转发干扰效果分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43 (11): 3169- 3176.
	ZHANG Y , YE C M , LU Y B , et al. Hyperbolic frequency modulated waveform for interrupted sampling repeater jamming suppression[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2021, 43 (11): 3169- 3176.
16	张建中, 穆贺强, 文树梁, 等. 基于脉内步进LFM时频分析的抗间歇采样干扰方法[J]. 北京理工大学学报, 2020, 40 (5): 543- 551.
	ZHANG J Z , MU H Q , WEN S L , et al. Anti-intermittent sampling repeater jamming method based on stepped LFM joint time-frequency analysis[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2020, 40 (5): 543- 551.
17	董淑仙, 全英汇, 沙明辉, 等. 捷变频雷达联合脉内频率编码抗间歇采样干扰[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44 (11): 3371- 3379.
	DONG S X , QUAN Y H , SHA M H , et al. Frequency agile radar combined with intra-pulse frequency coding to resist intermittent sampling jamming[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2022, 44 (11): 3371- 3379.
18	刘智星, 杜思予, 吴耀君, 等. 脉间-脉内捷变频雷达抗间歇采样干扰方法[J]. 雷达学报, 2022, 11 (2): 301- 312.
	LIU Z X , DU S Y , WU Y J , et al. Anti-interrupted sampling repeater jamming method for interpulse and intrapulse frequency-agile radar[J]. Journal of Radars, 2022, 11 (2): 301- 312.
19	LIU Z X , QUAN Y H , DU S Y , et al. A novel ECCM scheme against interrupted-sampling repeater jamming using intra-pulse dual-parameter agile waveform[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2022, 129, 103652. doi: 10.1016/j.dsp.2022.103652
20	ZHENG H , JIU B , LIU H W . Waveform design based ECCM scheme against interrupted sampling repeater jamming for wideband MIMO radar in multiple targets scenario[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2021, 22 (2): 1652- 1669.
21	ZHOU C , LIU Q H , CHEN X L . Parameter estimation and suppression for DRFM-based interrupted sampling repeater jammer[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2018, 12 (1): 56- 63.
22	GONG S X , WEI X Z , LI X . ECCM scheme against interrupted sampling repeater jammer based on time-frequency analysis[J]. Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2014, 25 (6): 996- 1003. doi: 10.1109/JSEE.2014.00114
23	杜思予, 刘智星, 吴耀君, 等. 频率捷变波形联合时频滤波器抗间歇采样转发干扰[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45 (12): 3819- 3827.
	DU S Y , LIU Z X , WU Y J , et al. Frequency agility waveform combined with time-frequency filter to suppress interrupted-sampling repeater jamming[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2023, 45 (12): 3819- 3827.
24	CHEN J , WU W Z , XU S Y , et al. Band pass filter design against interrupted-sampling repeater jamming based on time-frequency analysis[J]. IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, 2019, 13 (10): 1646- 1654.
25	DUAN J , ZHANG L , WU Y F , et al. Interrupted-sampling repeater jamming suppression with one-dimensional semi-parametric signal decomposition[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2022, 127, 103546. doi: 10.1016/j.dsp.2022.103546
26	盖季妤, 姜维, 张凯翔, 等. 基于差分特征的间歇采样转发干扰辨识与抑制方法[J]. 雷达学报, 2022, 11 (4): 1- 11.
	GAI J Y , JIANG W , ZHANG K X , et al. A method for interrupted-sampling repeater jamming identification and suppression based on differential features[J]. Journal of Radars, 2022, 11 (4): 1- 11.
27	CHEN J , XU S , ZOU J W , et al. Interrupted-sampling repeater jamming suppression based on stacked bidirectional gated recurrent unit network and infinite training[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7, 107428- 107437. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2932793
28	CAPUS C , BROWN K . Short-time fractional Fourier methods for the time-frequency representation of chirp signals[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2003, 113 (6): 3253- 3263. doi: 10.1121/1.1570434
29	张建中, 穆贺强, 文树梁, 等. 基于脉内LFM-Costas频率步进的抗间歇采样干扰方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2019, 41 (10): 2170- 2177.
	ZHANG J Z , MU H Q , WEN S L , et al. Anti-intermittent sampling jamming method based on intra-pulse LFM-Costas frequency stepping[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41 (10): 2170- 2177.
30	BOASHASH B . Time-frequency signal analysis and processing: a comprehensive reference[M]. 2nd ed Amsterdam: Elsevier Ltd, 2016.
31	TAO R , LI Y L , WANG Y . Short-time fractional Fourier transform and its applications[J]. IEEE Trans.on Signal Processing, 2010, 58 (5): 2568- 2580. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2009.2028095
32	LINNET L , MORRISON S , NICHOLSON P . The analysis of signals containing mixtures of linear chirps[J]. Proceedings of Symposium on Underwater Bio-sonar and Bioacoustic Systems, 2001, 23 (4): 55- 62.
33	DENG B , JIN D , LUAN J B . Adaptive short-time fractional Fourier transform based on minimum information entropy[J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2021, 30 (3): 265- 273.
34	ZAKRZEWSKI M , RAITTINEN H , VANHALA J . Comparison of center estimation algorithms for heart and respiration monitoring with microwave Doppler radar[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2012, 12 (3): 627- 634. doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2011.2119299
35	TAO R , DENG B , WANG Y . Research progress of the fractional Fourier transform in signal processing[J]. Science in China. Series F, Information Sciences, 2006, 49 (1): 1- 25.
36	DENG L Z , ZHANG J K , XU G X , et al. Infrared small target detection via adaptive M-estimator ring top-hat transformation[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2021, 112 (1): 107729.
37	BAI X Z , ZHOU F G . Analysis of new top-hat transformation and the application for infrared dim small target detection[J]. Pattern Recognition, 2010, 43 (6): 2145- 2156.

参数	数值	参数	数值
脉宽/μs	50	子脉冲脉宽/μs	5
带宽/MHz	50	子脉冲带宽/MHz	5
中心载频/GHz	9	脉内跳频间隔/MHz	5
脉冲重复周期/μs	100	采样频率/MHz	100
子脉冲数	10	目标距离/m	3 000

[1]	潘小义, 刘晓斌, 陈吉源, 冯学文, 顾赵宇, 肖顺平. 间歇采样转发干扰技术研究述评[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(9): 2887-2901.
[2]	刘茜, 戴奉周. 抗间歇采样转发干扰的发射波形与失配滤波器联合优化算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(6): 1855-1866.
[3]	孙宗正, 刘智星, 肖国尧, 齐晗廷, 全英汇. 非均匀间歇采样转发干扰对脉内捷变雷达影响分析[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(5): 1544-1554.
[4]	牛闯, 林强, 段敏, 施端阳, 谷成刚. 脉内频率-时延捷变雷达抗间歇采样转发干扰方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(5): 1583-1598.
[5]	杜思予, 刘智星, 吴耀君, 沙明辉, 全英汇. 频率捷变波形联合时频滤波器抗间歇采样转发干扰[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(12): 3819-3827.
[6]	陶臣嵩, 陈思伟, 肖顺平. 基于深度学习模型的SAR图像间歇采样转发干扰检测[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2023, 45(11): 3465-3473.
[7]	赵晓枫, 吴飞, 徐叶斌, 牛家辉, 蔡伟, 张志利. 基于背景还原的红外伪装效果评价方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(8): 2554-2561.
[8]	刘祥, 黄天耀, 刘一民. 频率捷变雷达的扩展目标检测[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(6): 1833-1838.
[9]	张彦, 叶春茂, 李璋峰, 鲁耀兵. 多种转发干扰下的脉内脉间波形综合优化设计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(5): 1495-1501.
[10]	董淑仙, 全英汇, 沙明辉, 方文, 邢孟道. 捷变频雷达联合脉内频率编码抗间歇采样干扰[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2022, 44(11): 3371-3379.
[11]	黄天耀, 李宇涵, 王磊, 刘一民, 王希勤. 相参频率捷变雷达目标稀疏重建性能边界综述[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(7): 1729-1736.
[12]	张瑞, 全英汇, 朱圣棋, 李亚超, 邢孟道. 基于改进OMP算法的稀疏目标微波关联成像方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(7): 1756-1765.
[13]	张彦, 叶春茂, 鲁耀兵, 陈学斌. 基于双曲调频波形稀疏重构的干扰抑制方法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(7): 1766-1774.
[14]	方文, 全英汇, 沙明辉, 刘智星, 高霞, 邢孟道. 捷变频联合波形熵的密集假目标干扰抑制算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(6): 1506-1514.
[15]	全英汇, 方文, 沙明辉, 陈侠达, 阮锋, 李兴华, 孟飞, 吴耀君, 邢孟道. 频率捷变雷达波形对抗技术现状与展望[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2021, 43(11): 3126-3136.