参照波结构的飞行器对接姿态快速估计

doi:10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.09.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

正确快速测量飞行器的姿态是实现载人航天飞行器精准对接任务的重要前提。传统姿态测量需要拼接3个姿态参数, 本文提出一种改进优化算法应用于以电磁波结构向量为参照的姿态测量, 实现姿态参数同步、整体、快速测量。首先根据多个电磁矢量传感器和接收信号间的变化关系来建立导向矢量, 将导向矢量中的指数函数形式的姿态旋转进行泰勒近似展开, 然后使用等步长遍历算法结合牛顿法来快速搜寻多导航信号空间谱函数的谱峰, 完成飞行器的姿态测量。仿真结果表明, 该方法测量的姿态精度高, 误差能够控制在0.01°左右, 提升了姿态测量的效率, 同时抗干扰能力良好, 具有较好的应用价值。

关键词: 电磁矢量传感器, 牛顿法, 姿态测量, 导向矢量

Abstract:

Correctly and quickly measuring the attitude of aircraft is an important prerequisite for achieving precise docking missions for manned spacecraft. Traditional attitude measurement requires splicing three attitude parameters. This paper proposes an improved optimization algorithm that is applied to attitude measurement with electromagnetic wave structure vectors as reference, achieving synchronous, overall, and rapid measurement of attitude parameters. Firstly, a guidance vector is established based on the changing relationship between multiple electromagnetic vector sensors and received signals, the attitude rotation in the form of an exponential function in the guidance vector is expanded by Taylor approximation. Then an equal-step traversal algorithm combined with Newton method is used to quickly search the spectral peak of the space spectral function of multiple navigation signals, and the attitude measurement of the aircraft is completed. Simulation results show that the attitude measurement accuracy of this method is high and the error can be controlled at about 0.01°, which improves the efficiency of attitude measurement. This method also has good anti-interference ability and has good application value.

Key words: electromagnetic vector sensor, Newton method, attitude measurement, guiding vector

中图分类号:

V249

朱世杰, 陈广东, 刘秉奇. 参照波结构的飞行器对接姿态快速估计[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2024, 46(9): 2926-2934.

Shijie ZHU, Guangdong CHEN, Bingqi LIU. Fast estimation of aircraft docking attitude with reference to wave structure[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2024, 46(9): 2926-2934.

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